Ann Inter Med:开发出丙型肝炎的新型快速检测方法

2013-05-06 T.Shen 生物谷

及时筛查和诊断对于丙肝患者的存活或者有效的疗法非常关键,如今来自麦吉尔大学健康研究中心的研究者开发出了针对丙肝患者的快速及定点照护(point-of-care)检测方法,其具有高度的精确性以及实验室往返检测可靠性,这对于丙肝患者的治疗无疑是一大福音。相关研究成果刊登于国际杂志Annals of Internal Medicine上。 研究者Nitika表示,我们在口服液体和血液中快速检测的精确度

及时筛查和诊断对于丙肝患者的存活或者有效的疗法非常关键,如今来自麦吉尔大学健康研究中心的研究者开发出了针对丙肝患者的快速及定点照护(point-of-care)检测方法,其具有高度的精确性以及实验室往返检测可靠性,这对于丙肝患者的治疗无疑是一大福音。相关研究成果刊登于国际杂志Annals of Internal Medicine上。

研究者Nitika表示,我们在口服液体和血液中快速检测的精确度可以达到97%-99%。而且随着检测方法速度的提高,我们可以在短时间内快速对许多患者进行筛查。尽管在发达国家适合传统的实验室检测方法,但是其仅仅适用于常见的社区诊所及专业医院进行检测,而且检测结果通常在一周内出来,但是其只能在下次病人来访时才能对病人的病症进行描述,而且病人下次来访的时间会在1-3个月后,这种时间的耽误或许会降低病人的随访率及影响病毒在社区的传播。

精确及可靠的定点照护(point-of-care)检测方法是传统经典检测方法的替代物,首先,新型检测方法非常方便、有效,而且可以快速诊断出结果,检测方法通常并不需要专门的设备,而且30分钟内结果即可出来,可以最大化地增加病人就诊随访的时间。

目前全世界有超过1亿7千万的人由于不安全的输血、药物注射及不安全的治疗感染了丙肝,丙肝和HIV的共感染会对北美带来巨大的负担和压力。因此,丙肝患者急需有效的口服药物来治疗或者控制疾病的发展。精确及可靠的定点照护(point-of-care)检测方法将可以对许多感染丙肝的患者提供快速的检测以及诊断。研究者最后表示,这种新型检测方法无疑可以替代全世界范围内的传统检测方法,这对于患者的诊断检测和治疗都会带来极大的便利。

丙肝相关的拓展阅读:

Accuracy of Rapid and Point-of-Care Screening Tests for Hepatitis C: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Background: 170 million persons worldwide are infected with hepatitis C, many of whom are undiagnosed. Although rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) and point-of-care tests (POCTs) provide a time- and cost-saving alternative to conventional laboratory tests, their global uptake partly depends on their performance. Purpose: To meta-analyze the diagnostic accuracy of POCTs and RDTs to screen for hepatitis C. Data Sources: MEDLINE, EMBASE, BIOSIS, and Web of Science (1992 to 2012) and bibliographies of included articles. Study Selection: All studies evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of POCTs and RDTs for hepatitis C in adults (aged ≥18 years). Data Extraction: Two independent reviewers extracted data and critiqued study quality. Data Synthesis: Of 19 studies reviewed, 18 were meta-analyzed and stratified by specimen type (whole blood, serum, plasma, or oral fluid) or test type (POCT or RDT). Sensitivity was similarly high in POCTs of whole blood (98.9% [95% CI, 94.5% to 99.8%]) and serum or plasma (98.9% [CI, 96.8% to 99.6%]), followed by RDTs of serum or plasma (98.4% [CI, 88.9% to 99.8%]) and POCTs of oral fluid (97.1% [CI, 94.7% to 98.4%]). Specificity was also high in POCTs of whole blood (99.5% [CI, 97.5% to 99.9%]) and serum or plasma (99.7% [CI, 99.3% to 99.9%]), followed by RDTs of serum or plasma (98.6% [CI, 94.9% to 99.6%]) and POCTs of oral fluid (98.2% [CI, 92.2% to 99.6%]). Limitation: Lack of data prevented sensitivity analyses of specific tests. Conclusion: Data suggest that POCTs of blood (serum, plasma, or whole blood) have the highest accuracy, followed by RDTs of serum or plasma and POCTs of oral fluids. Given their accuracy, convenience, and quick turnaround time, RDTs and POCTs may be useful in expanding first-line screening for hepatitis C. Primary Funding Source: Canadian Institutes of Health Research.

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