Nat Med:科学家发现脑积水的非侵入性治疗方式

2013-05-06 Beyond 生物谷

2012年11月21日 --近日,爱荷华大学研究人员发现了脑积水的一种新发病原因,这项研究结果刊登于11月18日的Nature Medicine杂志上。 Calvin Carter说:调查结果确定了新生儿脑积水的一个新分子机制。 针对这个缺陷的信号转导通路,在小鼠使用FDA批准的药物,能够成功地以非侵入性的方式治疗这种疾病。 脑积水是由于颅脑疾患使得脑脊液分泌过多或(和)循环、吸收障碍而致颅内

2012年11月21日 --近日,爱荷华大学研究人员发现了脑积水的一种新发病原因,这项研究结果刊登于11月18日的Nature Medicine杂志上。

Calvin Carter说:调查结果确定了新生儿脑积水的一个新分子机制。 针对这个缺陷的信号转导通路,在小鼠使用FDA批准的药物,能够成功地以非侵入性的方式治疗这种疾病。

脑积水是由于颅脑疾患使得脑脊液分泌过多或(和)循环、吸收障碍而致颅内脑脊液量增加,脑室系统扩大或(和)蛛网膜下腔扩大的一种病症。

美国国家科学基金会研究生研究员表示:这病是毁灭性的,目前的治疗方案是极其有限的。 Carter指出,减少小鼠心室的大小在临床上有着显著意义,因为减少人心室的大小与患者的预后更好有关。
 
在脑积水小鼠模型中,研究小组定位于一组特定的未成熟细胞包括神经元和神经胶质细胞的神经前体细胞(NPCs)。在大脑的发育过程中,未成熟细胞以精确协调的过程经历增殖和死亡,从未维持心室正常状态。
 
研究小组发现这些细胞增殖和存活的不平衡能导致实验小鼠发生脑积水。

不平衡引起的问题是由NPCs死亡或增殖信号转导通路所调控的。研究结果表明,神经祖细胞参与新生儿脑积水。研究第一次通过操纵这些祖细胞的发展来成功治疗新生儿脑积水。

这一发现也表明特殊类型脑积水的治疗将依赖于个性化的治疗策略,而不是使用单一的方法来治疗脑积水。

这项研究部分由国家卫生研究院(R01EY110298和R01EY017168)和神经外科的研究和教育基金会资助。

脑积水相关的拓展阅读:

Abnormal development of NG2 PDGFR-α neural progenitor cells leads to neonatal hydrocephalus in a ciliopathy mouse model.

Hydrocephalus is a common neurological disorder that leads to expansion of the cerebral ventricles and is associated with a high rate of morbidity and mortality. Most neonatal cases are of unknown etiology and are likely to have complex inheritance involving multiple genes and environmental factors. Identifying molecular mechanisms for neonatal hydrocephalus and developing noninvasive treatment modalities are high priorities. Here we use a hydrocephalic mouse model of the human ciliopathy Bardet-Biedl Syndrome (BBS) and identify a role for neural progenitors in the pathogenesis of neonatal hydrocephalus. We found that hydrocephalus in this mouse model is caused by aberrant platelet-derived growth factor receptor α (PDGFR-α) signaling, resulting in increased apoptosis and impaired proliferation of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 (also known as neuron-glial antigen 2 or NG2)+PDGFR-α+ neural progenitors. Targeting this pathway with lithium treatment rescued NG2+PDGFR-α+ progenitor cell proliferation in BBS mutant mice, reducing their ventricular volume. Our findings demonstrate that neural progenitors are crucial in the pathogenesis of neonatal hydrocephalus, and we identify new therapeutic targets for this common neurological disorder.

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    2014-03-23 liye789132251
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    2013-09-10 howi
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    2013-05-08 智智灵药

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