超声诊断乳腺淀粉样瘤病1例

2018-04-28 张燕 医学影像学杂志

患者女,34岁。已婚,主因发现左乳肿物30天入院。

【一般资料】

患者女,34岁。已婚

【主诉】

主因发现左乳肿物30天入院。

【体格检查】

双乳对称,乳头等高,无凹陷、溢液、无皮肤红肿、破溃、无橘皮征。查体于左乳10点方向扪及一肿物,质硬、界欠清、无触痛、活动度欠佳。

【辅助检查】

超声所见:左乳内上可见范围约35mm×23mm×12mm腺体结构紊乱区(图1),边界不清,内可见范围约17mm×18mm×14mm等回声反射区,边界欠清,内回声不均匀,可见多发小液性区,CDFI:未见明显血流信号(图2),弹性评分:2分(图3)。双腋下可见多发淋巴结,界清,规则,可见强回声髓质,CDFI:可见髓质血流信号,最大:右:23mm×10mm,左:20mm×8mm。超声诊断:左乳腺体结构紊乱及肿物-倾向良性,建议结合其他检查,除外不典型恶性病变(BI-RADS3);双腋下多发肿大淋巴结-考虑炎性。术中所见:左乳深面肿物约25mm×20mm大小、质硬、色白、界不清、与周围组织粘连。石蜡切片病理诊断为:(左)乳淀粉样瘤病。


图1 左乳内上腺体结构紊乱区及肿物


图2 CDFI:左乳结构紊乱区及肿物未见明显血流信号


图3 左乳结构紊乱区及肿物弹性评分

【讨论】

淀粉样瘤表现为弥漫性隆起或肿瘤样的结节状肿块,多发于腺体周围的组织及血管,它不是细胞增殖造成的,不是真性肿瘤,常见于皮肤、睑结膜、喉、声门下、上呼吸道、脾和膀胱等处,也见于甲状腺、眼眶、副鼻窦和口腔、腮腺,而发生在乳腺的极为罕见。章南志、幸连春等报道淀粉样变性是硫酸软骨素与蛋白质的结合物,它与机体蛋白质代谢失调有关,由于代谢障碍造成含有异常纤维结构的蛋白质沉积于细胞之间,引发组织器官结构与功能改变,继而出现临床表现的异质性疾病。王志强等认为淀粉样变性是蛋白样物沉淀、破坏并代替了组织器官。沉积的淀粉样物表现为局部的和全身的,而沉积于局部的淀粉样物表现为肿瘤样的结节状肿块时称为淀粉样瘤。也有学者认为淀粉样瘤是抗原抗体免疫损伤的疾病,由人体自身组织成分参与并引发。另有文献报道,全身性淀粉样变的早期表现是局限性淀粉样变,但两者结局不同,局限性淀粉样变预后良好,而全身性淀粉样变预后很差。本例乳腺淀粉样瘤的临床表现无特异性,触诊时可扪及肿块、质硬、边界不清,与乳腺癌难以鉴别,超声表现为腺体结构紊乱区内见边界不清的等回声肿物,边界欠清,内可见多发小液性区,未见明显钙化、未见明显血流信号,术前诊断极为困难,黄金确诊方法是病理检查。乳腺淀粉样瘤治疗原则以手术为主,术后免疫治疗为辅。本病例虽已手术,且术后反应良

原始出处:

张燕. 超声诊断乳腺淀粉样瘤病1例[J]. 医学影像学杂志, 2017, 27(5):807-807.

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    2018-04-30 1209e435m98(暂无昵称)

    学习了.谢谢分享

    0

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    2018-04-29 雅文博武

    学习了很多先进的医学知识

    0

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    2018-04-28 惠映实验室

    学习了.谢谢分享.

    0

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