AM J CARDIOL:胆固醇晶体或是导致冠脉阻塞的罪魁祸首

2017-08-18 佚名 medicalxpress

一项新的密歇根州立大学对240名急诊室患者的研究显示,在心脏病发作期间,一个人处于结晶状态的胆固醇起着多大的作用。

一项新的密歇根州立大学对240名急诊室患者的研究显示,在心脏病发作期间,一个人处于结晶状态的胆固醇起着多大的作用。

MSU首席作者和首席心脏病学家乔治·阿贝拉(George Abela)分析了阻塞患有心脏病发作的患者的冠状动脉的材料,发现其中89%的结晶结构过量,称为胆固醇晶体。

该研究现已在美国心脏病学杂志上发表。


这些晶体从可以积聚在心脏中的斑块释放,并且通常由脂肪,钙和其他物质组成。当这种材料在动脉中随着时间的推移而变硬时,称为动脉粥样硬化。

“在以前的研究中,我们表明,当胆固醇从液体到固体或晶体状态时,其体积就像冰和水一样膨胀,”阿贝拉说。 “动脉壁内的这种扩张可以撕裂它,阻止血液流动,导致心脏病发作或中风。”

心脏病发作后,患者进入急诊室,Abela和他的小组抽出了这块斑块。他们能够看到,已经形成了大晶体簇,并且能够突破动脉的斑块和壁,然后释放到心脏中。这通过阻塞血液流动造成损害。

“我们现在知道这些晶体在很大程度上促成了心脏病发作,”阿贝拉说。

这项最新的研究还重新确认了Abela在早先的一项研究中发现的胆固醇晶体激活了称为白细胞介素-1β的炎症分子的产生,其加重或激发冠状动脉。

“现在我们已经展示了胆固醇晶体怎么刺激和堵塞这些动脉,溶解这些晶体的治疗可能会用于减少心脏损伤。”Abela说。

这些治疗中的一些可以包括使用他汀类药物 - 通常用于降低胆固醇 - 阿司匹林和溶剂,例如在心脏病发作期间可以以低剂量注射入静脉的溶剂。使用这些选项可以使医生改善患者的结果并挽救更多的生命。

使用已被FDA批准的抗体(称为canakinumab)的最近的临床试验也显示阻断白细胞介素-1β炎症分子并降低心脏事件的机会。

“拯救心脏肌肉是治疗心脏病发作的最重要方面,”阿贝拉说。 “所以,如果我们能够为患者提供更好,更有针对性的治疗方法,那么这样做可以帮助开放和镇定恶化的动脉,并保护心脏肌肉免受伤害。”

阿贝拉还补充说,通过简单的饮食来控制胆固醇,根据需要运用和服用他汀类药物,可能是防止这些晶体形成的最佳方法。
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    2017-12-27 tomyang96
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    2017-08-20 方舒

    学习

    0

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    2017-08-19 1e10c84am36(暂无匿称)

    文章很好,赞赞赞

    0

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    2017-08-18 清风拂面

    谢谢分享,学习受益匪浅

    0

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    2017-08-18 李东泽

    很好,不错,以后会多学习

    0

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