Sci Transl Med:HIV疫苗研究的曙光

2018-07-09 学术经纬 学术经纬

虽然对HIV疫苗的研究已经进行了几十年,但是科学家们还未能开发出一种能够有效预防感染的HIV疫苗。

虽然对HIV疫苗的研究已经进行了几十年,但是科学家们还未能开发出一种能够有效预防感染的HIV疫苗。其中的一个重要原因是HIV病毒突变很快,因而产生很多种不同的病毒株。有效的疫苗需要引发人体产生能够对多种HIV病毒株有效的广谱中和抗体(broadly neutralizing Ab)。例如,VRC01抗体是一种阻断HIV病毒与免疫细胞表面的CD4抗原结合的广谱中和抗体。但是,即便研究人员发现了这类抗体,他们在逆推设计出激发B细胞产生这类抗体的疫苗方面仍然面临着严峻的挑战。美国拉霍亚过敏和免疫学研究所(La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology)的研究人员试图通过研究人体初始B细胞(naive B cells)对HIV免疫原的反应来预测HIV免疫原作为HIV疫苗的效果。他们检验的是一种称为eOD-GT8的HIV疫苗免疫原。这种免疫原的设计是为了诱发初始B细胞生成与VRC01抗体类似的抗体。研究人员发现多种初始B细胞亚型能够识别eOD-GT8 免疫原,而且它们的分子特征与产生VRC01抗体的B细胞的特征非常类似。同时,他们发现有些初始B细胞还能够产生其它靶向CD4结合位点的广谱中和抗体。这项研究表明,给人类接种eOD-GT8疫苗有可能引发靶向CD4结合位点的多种广谱中和抗体。这将是HIV疫苗研究上的一个重大进步。

原始出处:

Colin Havenar-Daughton,et al.The human naive B cell repertoire contains distinct subclasses for a germline-targeting HIV-1 vaccine immunogen.Sci Transl Med.04 Jul 2018:Vol. 10, Issue 448, eaat0381

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    2018-09-02 yangpeizhi
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    2018-12-28 bsmagic9140
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    2018-07-10 1e1b8538m79(暂无匿称)

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