JAMA Psychiatry:新的研究发现,许多不同类型的焦虑和抑郁存在,你属于哪一种?

2017-12-09 白木清水译自 medicalxpress 来宝网

研究人员在斯坦福大学的一项研究中发现了五类新的精神疾病,这些类别涵盖了目前更广泛的焦虑和抑郁症的诊断。

研究人员在斯坦福大学的一项研究中发现了五类新的精神疾病,这些类别涵盖了目前更广泛的焦虑和抑郁症的诊断

根据其特定症状和大脑活化区域定义的五个类别是:紧张,焦虑唤起,普遍焦虑,快感缺乏感-无法感到快乐-以及忧郁症。

研究人员在JAMA Psychiatry发表的研究中写道:“我们正试图解决目前诊断中可能最终指导定制治疗选择的症状重叠问题。

目前,抑郁症和焦虑症是世界范围内导致残疾和生产力下降的主要原因,只有三分之一的患者从治疗中恢复过来。

研究人员解释说,精神疾病诊断和统计手册定义的广泛诊断类别,如焦虑和抑郁症,有很多重叠症状,因此难以确定潜在治疗或治愈的生物标志物。

Williams说:“目前,对于这些大类中的任何人来说,治疗方法都是一样的。 “通过改善诊断,可以确定更好的治疗方案,特别是对于那种类型的焦虑或抑郁症。

对于他们的工作,研究人员收集和处理来自420名参与者的数据,这些参与者都具有健康诊断和多重焦虑和抑郁症诊断。参与者进行了一系列测试,包括脑图测试,症状自我报告和精神科诊断测试。研究人员测量了参与者在日常生活中的功能,他们建立社交关系的能力和一般的人生观。

第二次独立抽样的381人进行了相同的测试。使用涉及机器学习算法的数据驱动方法,研究人员处理了这些数据,并能够在两组中识别相同的五个新类别。

结果显示,13%的参与者表现为焦虑兴奋,普遍焦虑9%,快感缺乏7%,忧郁症9%,紧张19%。

“有趣的是,我们发现很多不符合诊断标准但仍然有症状的人陷入了紧张的状态,”威廉姆斯实验室的研究和研究实验室经理Katherine Grisanzio说。

在这篇论文中,研究人员进一步描述了新的类别:

紧张:这种类型是由易怒定义的。人们过于敏感,敏感,不知所措。焦虑使神经系统过敏。

焦虑唤醒:认知功能,如集中注意力和控制思想的能力,受到损害。身体上的症状包括心跳加速、出汗和感到压力。威廉姆斯说:“人们会说‘我觉得自己快要疯了’。”他们记不住从一刻到下一刻。”

Melancholia:人们的经验与社会功能问题。受限制的社会交往进一步导致痛苦。

快感缺失:最主要的症状是不开心。这种类型的抑郁症常常无法识别。人们通常能够在相当高的痛苦状态下正常地工作。”威廉姆斯说:“我们看到了大脑在过度运动时的功能。”人们可以通过权力,但在某一时间变得相当麻木。这些是一些最令人痛心的人。”

一般的焦虑:一个综合型的焦虑与担忧和焦虑arousal-a更多物理型应力的主要特点。

原始出处:Katherine A. Grisanzio, B, Andrea N. Goldstein-Piekarski, PhD, Michelle Yuyun Wang, BPsySc, et al. Transdiagnostic Symptom Clusters and Associations With Brain, Behavior, and Daily Function in Mood, Anxiety, and Trauma Disorders. JAMA Psychiatry(2017)

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    2017-12-10 虈亣靌

    不错的.学习了!谢谢分享!

    0

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    2017-12-09 清风拂面

    谢谢分享学习了

    0

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