Cell:遗传发育所发现自闭症发病新机制

2018-12-16 佚名 遗传与发育生物学研究所

自闭症(孤独症)谱系障碍(ASD)是由脑发育异常导致的常见精神疾病,其临床表现为重复刻板行为、社交障碍及语言发育异常。该病的发病率高,发病机理不清,迄今也没有有效的治疗方法,因此潜在自闭症致病基因的动物模型验证及新机制的发现亟需深入研究。


图:SH3RF2单拷贝缺失导致ASD的潜在机制 (图片来源于网络)

自闭症(孤独症)谱系障碍(ASD)是由脑发育异常导致的常见精神疾病,其临床表现为重复刻板行为、社交障碍及语言发育异常。该病的发病率高,发病机理不清,迄今也没有有效的治疗方法,因此潜在自闭症致病基因的动物模型验证及新机制的发现亟需深入研究。先前的研究在自闭症患者中发现SH3RF2 (亦称POSH2) 基因的单拷贝缺失或变异,但SH3RF2的体内功能以及其突变是否能导致ASD尚未有报道。

中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所许执恒研究组通过制作一个SH3RF2单拷贝缺失的小鼠动物模型,以确定SH3RF2是否参与大脑发育,SH3RF2突变是否能导致ASD,并进一步研究相关的发病机制。团队成员发现SH3RF2单拷贝缺失小鼠表现出明显的刻板/重复行为;在社交互动和交流方面存在明显的异常,并伴有多动和癫痫发作等ASD病人中常见的表型。

进一步研究发现了动物大脑海马树突棘发育的缺陷、谷氨酸能受体亚基的异常组成和异常的兴奋性突触传递。值得注意的是,这些缺陷选择性地发生在单侧大脑,与临床患儿功能磁共振结果相吻合,即ASD患儿存在左半球脑功能障碍。该研究首次证实SH3RF2单拷贝缺失是ASD的一种高风险因子,甚至是致病基因,其突变导致疾病的发病机制很可能是由于左脑半球突触功能缺陷引起的。

研究结果于12月11日在线发表于Cell Reports。该研究得到国家自然科学基金和中科院先导与前沿项目的支持。

原始出处:Shuo Wang, Ningdong Tan, Xingliang Zhu, et al. Sh3rf2 Haploinsufficiency Leads to Unilateral Neuronal Development Deficits and Autistic-Like Behaviors in Mice. Cell Rep. 11 December 2018

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    2019-08-07 维他命
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    2018-12-18 neurowu
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    2018-12-18 xiongke014

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