Nature:抗原非依赖型的细胞信号引发慢性淋巴细胞白血病的分子机制

2012-08-14 T.Shen 生物谷

近日,来自弗莱堡大学生物信号研究中心Hassan Jumaa教授领导的实验团队发现了一种促使免疫细胞转变为恶性癌细胞的分子机制。慢性淋巴细胞性白血病(Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia,CLL)是西方国家常见的一种血癌,患者机体细胞携带着致病转化的关键因子,国际著名杂志Nature刊登了研究者的研究成果,理解这些潜在的机制对于开发出减少疾病效应的新型疗法非常重要。 健康人

近日,来自弗莱堡大学生物信号研究中心Hassan Jumaa教授领导的实验团队发现了一种促使免疫细胞转变为恶性癌细胞的分子机制。慢性淋巴细胞性白血病(Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia,CLL)是西方国家常见的一种血癌,患者机体细胞携带着致病转化的关键因子,国际著名杂志Nature刊登了研究者的研究成果,理解这些潜在的机制对于开发出减少疾病效应的新型疗法非常重要。

健康人体内含有许多成为B淋巴细胞的白细胞亚族,这些细胞主要负责产生对付感染的抗体,B淋巴细胞特殊的受体分子可以利用“遥控车车锁”的法则来检测致病因子,最终开始产生抗体。在CLL病人中,这些受体的异常形式可以导致恶性B淋巴细胞的无限制增殖,最终免疫系统的健康细胞就会被抑制。

到目前为止,研究者们假设由病人机体产生的因子可以停靠在这种受体附近,然后激活CLL病人的淋巴细胞,研究者Jumaa说,在我们的研究中,我们解释了B淋巴细胞受体的特殊组分,其负责CLL的产生和发展。在CLL病人的B淋巴细胞中,受体组分FR2和HCDR3以某种特定形式产生,随后附近相同细胞的受体便会激活彼此来引发信号的级联效应,最终会促使癌细胞的无限分裂。

当前,以非特异性方式抑制疾病症状的化疗方法应用于CLL的治疗中,如今基于解码CLL的基本分子机制,研究者开始着力于将他们理解的分子机制应用于该疾病的治疗中,研究者表示,在病人体内控制多拷贝的FR2因子成为了可能,其随后将靠近受体然后抑制附近受体互相结合,这最终将降低级联信号,抑制癌症的发生。

编译自:Researchers uncover how pathological cells activate themselves in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia

doi:10.1038/nature11309
PMC:
PMID:

Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia is driven by antigen-independent cell-autonomous signalling

Marcus Dühren-von Minden, Rudolf Übelhart, Dunja Schneider, Thomas Wossning, Martina P. Bach, Maike Buchner, Daniel Hofmann, Elena Surova, Marie Follo, Fabian Köhler, Hedda Wardemann, Katja Zirlik, Hendrik Veelken & Hassan Jumaa

B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) expression is an important feature of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), one of the most prevalent B-cell neoplasias in Western countries1. The presence of stereotyped and quasi-identical BCRs in different CLL patients suggests that recognition of specific antigens might drive CLL pathogenesis. Here we show that, in contrast to other B-cell neoplasias, CLL-derived BCRs induce antigen-independent cell-autonomous signalling, which is dependent on the heavy-chain complementarity-determining region (HCDR3) and an internal epitope of the BCR. Indeed, transferring the HCDR3 of a CLL-derived BCR provides autonomous signalling capacity to a non-autonomously active BCR, whereas mutations in the internal epitope abolish this capacity. Because BCR expression was required for the binding of secreted CLL-derived BCRs to target cells, and mutations in the internal epitope reduced this binding, our results indicate a new model for CLL pathogenesis, with cell-autonomous antigen-independent signalling as a crucial pathogenic mechanism.

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    2012-10-27 liye789132251
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