Am J Hum Genet:新研究扩大孕前遗传筛查范围

2018-05-14 徐徐 科学网

怀孕伴随着很多不确定因素。或许最揪心的问题之一是孩子能否健康地出生。如今,预先筛查——在女方怀孕前对男女双方的遗传危险因素进行分析——正开始回答这一问题。


怀孕伴随着很多不确定因素。或许最揪心的问题之一是孩子能否健康地出生。如今,预先筛查——在女方怀孕前对男女双方的遗传危险因素进行分析——正开始回答这一问题。

很多公司为那些想做父母的人提供一系列筛查。不过,这些筛查通常关注上百种疾病,而夫妻双方不得不选择他们想要测试哪些疾病。问题在于一些隐性疾病不会在家族史中出现,并且双方可能从未拥有症状。这使得他们不可能提出正确的问题。

如今,来自美国国家人类基因组研究所临床测序探索性研究联盟的科研人员正试图利用全基因组测序扩展筛查选项。这使得研究人员更广泛地分析携带风险,而非筛查特定基因。相关成果日前发表于《美国人类遗传学杂志》。

该项目领导者之一、俄勒冈健康与科学大学临床医学遗传学家Sue Richards带领团队利用全基因组测序,筛查了很多目前不在任何携带风险筛查名单上的基因。虽然Richards所在的实验室多年来一直提供携带风险筛查服务,但模式已由筛查单个基因和有针对性的已知突变转向数目非常繁多的基因。在最新研究中,他们想知道患者如何选择他们想了解哪些内容。随后,当患者获得结果时,又是如何利用这些信息的?研究的目标是使人们得以作出关于生育选择的精明决策。

任何被选择参加该研究的人都会接受筛查,以查看其是否患有任何威胁生命的遗传疾病。随后,这些结果被反馈回来。研究人员还会为他们提供一个针对其他类型遗传疾病的完整清单,并询问其是否想知道针对中度、轻度疾病以及成年期和无法预测疾病的结果。事实证明,大多数人(超过90%)想知道针对所有种类疾病的结果。

研究显示,大部分人携带至少一个突变。一些人甚至携带针对某种罕见疾病的5个致病突变。3%~4%的人获得的结果具有医学重要性。他们拥有一些在以后的生活中可能发展成癌症、心脏疾病或类似疾病的基因突变。

原始出处:

Sumit Punj, et al.Preconception Carrier Screening by Genome Sequencing: Results from the Clinical Laboratory.The American Journal of Human Genetics.Published online: May 10, 2018

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    2019-03-25 canlab
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    2018-08-16 szhvet
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    2018-11-10 cy0324
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    2018-05-14 wqkm

    ^_^^_^^_^

    0