Lancet Infect Dis:髋关节置换后假体关节感染需返修 风险因素有哪些?

2018-10-09 王淳 环球医学

2018年9月,发表在《Lancet Infect Dis》的一项由英国学者进行的前瞻性、观察性研究,考察了髋关节置换后假体关节感染(PJI)返修术相关的风险因素有哪些。

2018年9月,发表在《Lancet Infect Dis》的一项由英国学者进行的前瞻性、观察性研究,考察了髋关节置换后假体关节感染(PJI)返修术相关的风险因素有哪些。

背景:PJI风险受患者、手术和医疗因素的影响。现有证据都基于短期随访,不能区分原发性干预造成的早期发作相关的因素和更可能是血源性扩散造成的晚期发作相关的因素。研究旨在评估这些因素与因原发性全髋关节置换术后PJI造成的返修风险之间的总体和时间特异性相关性。

方法:研究人员进行了一项前瞻性、观察性队列研究,研究对象为623253例2003年4月1日~2013年12月31日在英格兰和威尔士进行的原发性髋部手术,并记录了因PJI造成返修术的数量。研究人员使用泊松多水平模型考察了整体随访期间的风险因素和PJI返修风险之间的相关性。通过带有时间特异效应的分段指数多水平模型,研究人员重新调查了术后不同时间阶段(0~3个月、3~6个月、6~12个月、12~24个月、>24个月)的相关性。从链接到医院统计数据库的国家联合登记中获取数据。

结果:2003~2014年,中位(IQR)随访4.6年(2.6~7.0)后,2705例原发性手术随后因PJI而进行返修。与PJI造成的返修增加相关的因素为,男性性别(1462/1237170男性年(1.2‰)vs 1243/1849691女性年(0.7‰);率比(RR),1.7(95% 置信区间[CI],1.6~1.8))、年龄较轻(<60岁739/688000人年(1.1‰)vs≥80岁242/387049人年(0.6‰);0.7(0.6~0.8))、体重指数升高(BMI≥30kg/m2的941/517278人年(1.8‰)vs BMI<25kg/m2的272/297686人年(0.9‰);1.9(1.7~2.2))、糖尿病(有糖尿病的245/178381人年(1.4‰)vs 无糖尿病的2120/2209507人年(1.0‰);1.4(1.2~1.5))、痴呆(3个月时痴呆的5/497人年(10.1‰)vs 无痴呆的311/120850人年(2.6‰);3.8(1.2~7.8))、既往脓毒性关节炎(既往脓毒性关节炎的22/3055人年(7.2‰)vs无既往感染2683/3083806人年(0.9‰);6.7(4.2~9.8))、股骨颈骨折(股骨颈骨折手术的66/43378人年(1.5‰)vs 无股骨颈骨折的2639/3043483人年(0.9‰);1.8(1.4~2.3))、使用外侧手术入路(外侧手术入路的1334/1399287人年(1.0‰)vs后路手术入路的1242/1565913人年(0.8‰);1.3(1.2~1.4))。

使用陶瓷而非金属关节与PJI返修风险的降低相关(≥24个月时,陶瓷-陶瓷关节的94/239512人年(0.4‰)vs金属-聚乙烯关节的602/1114239人年(0.5‰);0.6(0.4~0.7);陶瓷-聚乙烯关节的82/190884人年(0.4‰)vs金属-聚乙烯关节;0.7(0.5~0.9))。多数这些因素具有时间特异性效应。PJI返修风险是边缘性的,不受到手术医师级别、手术期间高级外科顾问医师缺席、医院或外科医生执行的手术量等的影响。

结论:一些可修正的和不可修正的因素与原发性髋关节置换术后PJI造成的返修风险相关。鉴别出可修正的因素、使用目标干预、这些因素的获益调节等,可有效降低PJI的发生率。在患者咨询术前合理用药时,重要的是医生应考量不可修正的因素和对PJI风险的时间特异性效应的因素。

原始出处:

Lenguerrand E, et al. Risk factors associated with revision for prosthetic joint infection after hip replacement: a prospective observational cohort study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2018 Sep;18(9):1004-1014. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30345-1. Epub 2018 Jul 25.

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    2019-08-11 yxch48
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    2019-07-11 howi
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    2018-11-12 jyzxjiangqin

    髋关节置换术后预测。

    0

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    2018-10-14 jyzxjiangqin

    髋关节置换术后预测。

    0

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