儿童阑尾炎:抗生素或可替代手术

2017-02-21 张荣杰 中华医学网

急性阑尾炎是儿童急诊进行手术的最常见的原因之一。然而对于国外的年轻家长而言,手术是价格昂贵且会令人担忧的。最近一项最新的对现有文献进行的荟萃分析发现,对于儿童阑尾炎使用抗生素进行治疗可能是一种安全有效的治疗策略。


急性阑尾炎是儿童急诊进行手术的最常见的原因之一。然而对于国外的年轻家长而言,手术是价格昂贵且会令人担忧的。最近一项最新的对现有文献进行的荟萃分析发现,对于儿童阑尾炎使用抗生素进行治疗可能是一种安全有效的治疗策略。

作者在文中提出,虽然通过对于文献的荟萃分析认为对于儿童阑尾炎使用抗生素进行治疗可能是一种安全有效的治疗策略,但是在作出临床建议之前,还需要进行大规模的随机对照试验来确证这一发现。

这项由英国南安普敦大学(University of Southampton in the United Kingdom)牵头的研究发表在Pediatrics杂志上。

阑尾炎是指发生在阑尾的急性炎症,引起阑尾炎的因素有很多,但通常由于阑尾腔阻塞及细菌感染所引起。阑尾炎可以发生在任何年龄,但大多数阑尾炎发生在儿童、青少年以及年轻的成人之中。

手术:有创且昂贵

目前世界范围内治疗阑尾炎的金标准是阑尾切除术:即通过外科手术切除掉发炎的阑尾。它是儿童最常见的急诊外科手术。

然而进行外科手术的价格昂贵而且是有创治疗。该研究的作者,来自英国南安普敦大学儿科学副教授Nigel Hall 说:“而且对于孩子和家庭而言,进行外科手术是意见十分可怕的事情。”

Hall教授和他的同事评估了过去10年发表的关于儿童阑尾炎接受非手术治疗研究证据,即使用抗生素治疗替代阑尾切除术。

回顾纳入了十项相关的研究,共有413名儿童符合纳入研究的标准,这些儿童没有被报告发生安全问题或特殊的不良事件。

这项荟萃分析发现,在进行非手术治疗后,阑尾炎复发率为14%。

Hall教授说:“我们的研究发现,抗生素对于儿童阑尾炎而言,是一种可供选择的治疗方法。”

但是Hall教授和他的同事认为,对于儿童阑尾炎的外科治疗和抗生素保守治疗而言,还需要进行大规模的随机对照试验确证抗生素保守治疗的远期预后以及治疗费用等。

开创性的研究已在进行中

南安普顿的研究小组和其他几家医院的同事们已经进行了一项为期一年的可行性试验,将阑尾炎的儿童随机分为手术组和药物治疗组。

最初的试验的重点是看看有多少病人和他们的家属愿意参加这样的研究,以及病人的预后情况。

Hall教授解释道,通过这项可行性试验,可以让我们知道我们在未来更大规模的试验能够招募多少儿童,从而来确证手术治疗和非手术保守治疗的结果和预后。

整个前期可行性试验是美国国家卫生研究院(National Institute for Health Research,NIHR)资助的小儿阑尾炎保守治疗的随机对照试验(CONservative TReatment of Appendicitis in Children a randomized controlled Trial,CONTRACT)的一部分。

Nigel Hall教授说:当我们将有关成人阑尾炎的文献和我们荟萃分析的数据进行比较时,我们发现抗生素保守治疗对于成人阑尾炎和儿童阑尾炎都是有效的。但是对于这项结论,还需要进一步的探索研究。

原始出处:
Roxani Georgiou, Simon Eaton, Michael P. Stanton, et al.Efficacy and Safety of Nonoperative Treatment for Acute Appendicitis: A Meta-analysis.American Academy of Pediatrics.February 2017.

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    2017-02-23 1e19b965m80(暂无匿称)

    临床上小儿阑尾炎手术治疗是首选,保守效果不好呀。

    0

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    2017-02-23 QQ45b4a3d9

    国外昂贵。国内很便宜。国内保守比手术都贵

    0

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    2017-02-22 蔬菜

    学习了,但这个在临床上真的是这样吗

    0

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    2017-02-22 王国安

    学习了,得到了积分。

    0

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    2017-02-21 医张生

    保守和手术没有金标准。医生判断。

    0

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  8. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1946583, encodeId=7c73194658398, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=641f285069c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#儿童阑尾炎#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=28506, encryptionId=641f285069c, topicName=儿童阑尾炎)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTLc3PoqaNe4QTZ947pojXuchvvmkkJN0wyBBbA3LVX2WDkgiaJ7cswu9yvA4CB0NicjcrCfBY1zRPkA/132, createdBy=b3812500089, createdName=ms6897892027066920, createdTime=Sun Feb 04 03:15:00 CST 2018, time=2018-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=177641, encodeId=8c901e7641a3, content=临床上小儿阑尾炎手术治疗是首选,保守效果不好呀。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=56, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfNLvzZhgPxRm9rk8UWEM6I5reWyH5UylXO0sTAeQv9FB0jIJ3Rw27EdzE699oKXNFGAeg68xBbytQAoonWokiba/0, createdBy=e0fd1988297, createdName=1e19b965m80(暂无匿称), createdTime=Thu Feb 23 22:48:34 CST 2017, time=2017-02-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=177635, encodeId=15881e7635df, content=国外昂贵。国内很便宜。国内保守比手术都贵, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://q.qlogo.cn/qqapp/1103841572/5C15852A897BB01D0D2EEDA8C27A0544/100, createdBy=46c21732742, createdName=QQ45b4a3d9, createdTime=Thu Feb 23 22:02:38 CST 2017, time=2017-02-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=177428, encodeId=30a21e7428a5, content=学习了,但这个在临床上真的是这样吗, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=aadd1680584, createdName=蔬菜, createdTime=Wed Feb 22 10:55:03 CST 2017, time=2017-02-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=177377, encodeId=aea41e73771e, content=学习了,得到了积分。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/04/27/136abcae2f8e58d33f28258f76f49b4f.jpg, createdBy=7e701980206, createdName=王国安, createdTime=Wed Feb 22 07:53:19 CST 2017, time=2017-02-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=177299, encodeId=5a6c1e7299e0, content=保守和手术没有金标准。医生判断。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=01bb1684217, createdName=医张生, createdTime=Tue Feb 21 17:56:33 CST 2017, time=2017-02-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=177294, encodeId=0dfc1e7294ea, content=?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=20, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6d551998554, createdName=1e1c07bdm01(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Feb 21 16:49:37 CST 2017, time=2017-02-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=177288, encodeId=bc3a1e7288e5, content=不是早就已经有相关论断了吗?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e2291960840, createdName=蓬莱阁, createdTime=Tue Feb 21 15:03:17 CST 2017, time=2017-02-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=177282, encodeId=ec9d1e728224, content=学习签到,赚积分, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=23, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zSn0GqHrsfLANEL7Sww3HicKsN9aribicAmGGWXOIMEiaZ1iadgZg9RibjqSwIKUS8gSPib2NwTVg2zVvVJhdP3BkuDIl/0, createdBy=944d1605392, createdName=shaosai, createdTime=Tue Feb 21 14:48:52 CST 2017, time=2017-02-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-02-21 蓬莱阁

    不是早就已经有相关论断了吗?

    0

  9. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1946583, encodeId=7c73194658398, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=641f285069c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#儿童阑尾炎#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=28506, encryptionId=641f285069c, topicName=儿童阑尾炎)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTLc3PoqaNe4QTZ947pojXuchvvmkkJN0wyBBbA3LVX2WDkgiaJ7cswu9yvA4CB0NicjcrCfBY1zRPkA/132, createdBy=b3812500089, createdName=ms6897892027066920, createdTime=Sun Feb 04 03:15:00 CST 2018, time=2018-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=177641, encodeId=8c901e7641a3, content=临床上小儿阑尾炎手术治疗是首选,保守效果不好呀。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=56, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfNLvzZhgPxRm9rk8UWEM6I5reWyH5UylXO0sTAeQv9FB0jIJ3Rw27EdzE699oKXNFGAeg68xBbytQAoonWokiba/0, createdBy=e0fd1988297, createdName=1e19b965m80(暂无匿称), createdTime=Thu Feb 23 22:48:34 CST 2017, time=2017-02-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=177635, encodeId=15881e7635df, content=国外昂贵。国内很便宜。国内保守比手术都贵, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://q.qlogo.cn/qqapp/1103841572/5C15852A897BB01D0D2EEDA8C27A0544/100, createdBy=46c21732742, createdName=QQ45b4a3d9, createdTime=Thu Feb 23 22:02:38 CST 2017, time=2017-02-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=177428, encodeId=30a21e7428a5, content=学习了,但这个在临床上真的是这样吗, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=aadd1680584, createdName=蔬菜, createdTime=Wed Feb 22 10:55:03 CST 2017, time=2017-02-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=177377, encodeId=aea41e73771e, content=学习了,得到了积分。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/04/27/136abcae2f8e58d33f28258f76f49b4f.jpg, createdBy=7e701980206, createdName=王国安, createdTime=Wed Feb 22 07:53:19 CST 2017, time=2017-02-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=177299, encodeId=5a6c1e7299e0, content=保守和手术没有金标准。医生判断。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=01bb1684217, createdName=医张生, createdTime=Tue Feb 21 17:56:33 CST 2017, time=2017-02-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=177294, encodeId=0dfc1e7294ea, content=?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=20, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6d551998554, createdName=1e1c07bdm01(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Feb 21 16:49:37 CST 2017, time=2017-02-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=177288, encodeId=bc3a1e7288e5, content=不是早就已经有相关论断了吗?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e2291960840, createdName=蓬莱阁, createdTime=Tue Feb 21 15:03:17 CST 2017, time=2017-02-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=177282, encodeId=ec9d1e728224, content=学习签到,赚积分, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=23, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zSn0GqHrsfLANEL7Sww3HicKsN9aribicAmGGWXOIMEiaZ1iadgZg9RibjqSwIKUS8gSPib2NwTVg2zVvVJhdP3BkuDIl/0, createdBy=944d1605392, createdName=shaosai, createdTime=Tue Feb 21 14:48:52 CST 2017, time=2017-02-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-02-21 shaosai

    学习签到,赚积分

    0

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急性阑尾炎是小儿外科最常见的急腹症,以6~12岁儿童多见。儿童急性阑尾炎的病情发展较快且严重,早期即出现高热、呕吐等症状,穿孔率高,并发症也很常见。儿童急性阑尾炎也是最容易被误诊的疾病,减少误诊和漏诊常常是治疗的关键。手术治疗是目前儿童阑尾炎治疗的标准方式。然而,在过去十年,有关阑尾炎的治疗和手术管理得到了严格评估,全身麻醉、手术创伤、术后并发症、家长焦虑,以及社会经济因素都给阑尾切除术带来了挑战