盘点:狼疮性肾炎近期重要研究进展汇总

2019-02-25 不详 网络

【1】Pim-1作为人类狼疮性肾炎的治疗靶标https://www.medsci.cn/article/show_article.do?id=f82b1610e75f狼疮性肾炎(LN)是系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)发病率和死亡率的主要决定因素。Pim-1调节淋巴细胞的增殖和活化。Pim-1在自身免疫性疾病中的作用仍不清楚。因此,这里假设抑制Pim-1对LN具有治疗潜力。研究人员首先分析了狼疮易感N

【1】Pim-1作为人类狼疮性肾炎的治疗靶标

狼疮性肾炎(LN)是系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)发病率和死亡率的主要决定因素。Pim-1调节淋巴细胞的增殖和活化。Pim-1在自身免疫性疾病中的作用仍不清楚。因此,这里假设抑制Pim-1对LN具有治疗潜力。研究人员首先分析了狼疮易感NZB/W F1小鼠(n=6)、SLE患者人外周血单核细胞(PBMCs)(n=10)和LN患者肾小球(n=8)的Pim-1表达。在狼疮模型中评估了Pim-1抑制剂AZD1208的治疗效果(n=10/组)。进行体外分析以探讨Pim-1在抗dsDNA抗体阳性(抗dsDNA+)血清诱导的小鼠和人足细胞中的作用机制。最后,使用MRL/lpr小鼠证实体内Pim-1抑制的治疗效果(n=10/组)。结果确定了Pim-1作为LN发病机制的关键调节因子,并且Pim-1/NFATc1/NLRP3通路可能是人类LN的治疗靶标。

【2】狼疮性肾炎与肠道共生菌疾病活动性相关增多和免疫有关

为了寻找狼疮发病机制所涉及的传播媒介,这项研究对系统性红斑狼疮患者(SLE)的粪便微生物群进行分析以寻找候选病原体,并评估它们与宿主免疫的特殊关系。在横断面发现队列中,获得了61名女性SLE患者的匹配血液粪便样本。结果显示,与对照组相比,SLE患者微生物组的物种丰富多样性降低,分类复杂性降低,其中SLE疾病活动性指数(SLEDAI)高的患者最为明显。值得注意的是,SLE患者毛螺菌科家族活泼瘤球菌(RG)总体上高5倍,并且单个群体具有假定保护性质的菌种也表现出对应收缩。肠道RG丰度与测试的仅1/8 RG菌株血清抗体相关。抗RG抗体与SLEDAI评分和抗自身的DNA水平直接相关,但与C3和C4负相关。这些抗体主要针对RG菌株限制性的细胞壁脂聚糖库中的抗原。通过质谱和NMR表征这些纯化脂聚糖的新结构特征。发现队列中活动性肾炎患者(包括III类和IV类)血清抗RG菌株限制性抗体的水平最高,其结果在两个独立队列中得到验证。这些结果提示了一种新的模式,其中肠道共生菌的特定菌株导致了狼疮性肾炎的免疫发病。

【3】建立狼疮性肾炎临床试验的肾脏替代终点


目前狼疮性肾炎(LN)临床试验的终点缺乏统一性,并且反映的长期肾脏生存率不确定。这项调查目的是确定用于临床试验能够预测长期肾脏结局的短期终点。从3个临床试验和12个纵向队列收集了944名LN患者的数据。将诊断为活动性LN(预测期)后头12个月治疗的变量作为36个月随访期长期预后的潜在预测因子进行评估。550例符合条件的受试者中,有54例CKD、55例SKI和22例RRT事件。最终CKD HIT中的变量是预测期CKD状态、12个月蛋白尿和12个月血清肌酐(SCr)。SKI HIT包括预测期CKD状态、ISN分级、12个月蛋白尿、12个月SCr、种族以及ISN分级和12个月蛋白尿之间的相互作用。RRT HIT包括诊断年龄、12个月蛋白尿和12个月SCr。每个HIT在内部(c-指数0.84-0.92)和独立LN队列验证良好(c-指数0.83-0.92)。来自短期肾脏治疗反应的HITs与长期肾脏预后相关,现在必须作为LN临床试验的替代终点进行验证。

【4】狼疮性肾炎患者的肾脏缓解状况和长期肾脏存活情况

近期,一项观察性研究是对前瞻性收集的Hopkins狼疮队列数据进行回顾性分析,以比较标准诱导治疗后狼疮肾炎(LN)达到完全缓解(CR)、部分缓解(PR)或无缓解的LN患者的长期存活情况。查找对经活检证实的LN患者(修订的美国风湿病学会或系统性狼疮协作诊断标准),并在诊断后24个月将其分为按顺序的(CR,PR,或无缓解)或二分类(缓解或无缓解)的肾缓解类别。共有176名患者符合纳入标准。在24个月活检时,符合mALMS缓解标准的患者比mBLISS-LN标准的更多。在随后的随访中,18名患者出现ESRD或死亡。Kaplan-Meier曲线提示,使用mALMS(p = 0.0038)和mBLISS-LN(p=0.0097)缓解标准,24个月时无缓解的患者比PR或CR患者出现这种结果的可能性更大。基于调整主要混杂因素的Cox回归模型, mBLISS-LN和mALMS标准的CR患者发生ESRD /死亡的可能性显著低于未缓解患者。LN诊断后24个月的肾脏缓解状态是长期肾脏存活的重要预测指标,也是临床相关的终点指标。

【5】在系统性红斑狼疮诊断时预测狼疮性肾炎的最终发展


这项研究旨在调查诊断系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)时,可以预测未来狼疮性肾炎发展的因素。对无肾脏症状的新诊断SLE患者进行随访,观察是否出现狼疮性肾炎,比较出现或未出现肾炎患者的基线表现。278例患者中,241例没有出现肾炎,37例在随访期间发展为狼疮性肾炎。单因素分析中,年轻、低C3、低C4、高抗dsDNA滴度、抗Sm抗体、抗RNP抗体和低AGR与出现狼疮性肾炎的风险较高相关。多因素分析中,预测肾炎的因素是年龄、C3、抗dsDNA滴度和抗Sm抗体。特别是,低AGR与未来出现狼疮性肾炎的风险升高密切相关。SLE诊断时的年龄小、C3低、抗dsDNA滴度高、存在抗Sm抗体与未来出现狼疮性肾炎的风险相关,但AGR数值低的危害最大,这表明免疫球蛋白相对总蛋白的比例升高与出现肾炎相关。

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    2019-02-27 villahu
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    2019-02-25 王秀

    学习了,涨知识了!

    0