CFDA官网干货:抗肿瘤药物临床试验重要终点指标

2017-08-30 肿瘤资讯编辑部 肿瘤资讯

癌症的治疗最关注的问题是患者生存时间是否更长,或生活质量是否更好?能够兼顾二者是最理想的。美国FDA在公示抗肿瘤新药审批结果时,绕不开一系列的临床试验观察指标,如总生存期、无进展生存期、客观缓解率等,这些终点指标如何定义?作为研究终点各自有何差异?肿瘤资讯小编特整理CFDA官网的相关信息,带您了解抗肿瘤药物临床试验重要终点指标。

癌症的治疗最关注的问题是患者生存时间是否更长,或生活质量是否更好?能够兼顾二者是最理想的。美国FDA在公示抗肿瘤新药审批结果时,绕不开一系列的临床试验观察指标,如总生存期、无进展生存期、客观缓解率等,这些终点指标如何定义?作为研究终点各自有何差异?肿瘤资讯小编特整理CFDA官网的相关信息,带您了解抗肿瘤药物临床试验重要终点指标。 

总生存(overall survival,OS)

从随机化开始至因任何原因引起死亡的时间,是抗肿瘤药物最可靠的疗效指标。

无病生存期(Disease-free survival,DFS)

从随机化开始至疾病复发或因任何原因导致受试者死亡之间的时间。DFS 最常用于根治性手术或放疗后辅助治疗的研究。

无进展生存期(Progression-free survival,PFS)

从随机化开始到肿瘤发生进展或死亡的时间。PFS能在患者死亡前被评价,观察所需的随访时间更短,相应需要的样本量也要更小。

客观缓解率(objective response rate,ORR)

指肿瘤缩小达到一定量并且保持一定时间的患者的比例,ORR=完全缓解(CR)+部分缓解(PR)。常用于单臂试验,是II期临床试验的主要评价指标。

至肿瘤进展时间(Time to disease progression,TTP)  

从随机化开始到肿瘤发生客观进展的时间,相对PFS而言,TTP在预测临床受益方面要差一些。

患者自评结果(Patient Reported Outcome,PRO)

直接来自患者的关于其健康状况的报告,而非来自临床医生或其他任何人,可作为反映症状获益的恰当评价方法。

生活质量评分(Quality of Life, QoL)

也可用来评估与健康相关的生活质量。但应当注意,以QoL来衡量药物的结果,可能只能说明某种药物相对其他药物而言,毒性较小,但并非其有效性更好。


表1. 可用于药物获批的终点指标总结

*是否足够作为替代终点获得加速批准或常规批准还取决其他因素,如临床试验药物的效应大小,效应持续时间以及目前其他可及治疗手段的疗效。

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    2017-09-13 stfoxst
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    2017-08-31 130****4638

    学习了谢谢分享

    0

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