Semin Arthritis Rheu:电子健康记录中狼疮患者的识别

2019-01-11 xiangting MedSci原创

该机器学习SLE算法在内部和外部验证中表现良好。

为了利用电子健康记录(EHRs)来研究SLE,需要算法来准确识别这些患者。这项研究使用机器学习生成数据主导的SLE EHR算法,并评估了现有基于规则算法的性能。

研究人员从EHR中随机选择有≥1个SLE ICD-9/10编码的受试者,并根据1997 ACR或2012 SLICC分类标准,通过病历复习确定金标准确诊和疑诊SLE病例。从训练集中,研究人员使用自然语言处理提取编码和叙述概念,并使用惩罚logistic回归生成算法对确诊或确诊/疑诊SLE进行分类。研究在内部和外部队列验证中评估了预测特征。还测试了已发表的基于规则算法的性能特征,其中包含EHR中的ICD-9代码的预先指定的排列、实验室检查和药物治疗。

当特异性为97%时,机器学习编码算法对确诊SLE的阳性预测值(PPV)为90%、敏感性64%;对确诊/疑诊SLE,PPV为92%和敏感性为47%。在外部验证中,当特异性为97%时,确诊/疑诊算法的PPV为 94%和敏感性60%。添加NLP概念并未改善性能指标。在EHR中已发表的基于规则算法的PPVs范围为45-79%。

该机器学习SLE算法在内部和外部验证中表现良好。基于规则的SLE算法在EHR中表现不佳。在应用算法识别SLE患者时,必须考虑到病例定义所需敏感性和特异性相关的独特EHR特征、临床实践和研究目标。

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    2019-01-13 zhaojie88
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