Diabetologia: 做好这四点,可防75%糖尿病!华中科大学者研究

2020-03-23 中国循环杂志 中国循环杂志

健康的生活方式,即保持健康体重、健康饮食、每天至少锻炼30分钟、不吸烟、不喝酒,是防治糖尿病的基石。

健康的生活方式,即保持健康体重、健康饮食、每天至少锻炼30分钟、不吸烟、不喝酒,是防治糖尿病的基石。

华中科大一项研究提示,坚持最大程度的健康生活方式,得糖尿病的风险可降低75%。

最近发布的中国健康生活方式预防心血管代谢疾病指南也建议,健康饮食、身体活动、戒烟限酒等措施,可明确预防糖尿病和心血管病。

这项研究还发现,已经得了糖尿病的人,采取健康的生活方式不但能预防心血管病,还能预防癌症。

研究纳入14项研究,共分析了来自美国以及亚洲、欧洲和大洋洲国家的111多万人,平均年龄38~73岁,平均随访2.7~20.8年。

研究显示,与生活方式最不健康者相比,生活方式最健康者糖尿病的风险减少了75%。

研究发现,体重与糖尿病的关系最密切。与正常体重者相比,超重的人得糖尿病风险增加13%,肥胖增加410%。

研究还称,烟民得糖尿病的风险升高了37%。

研究还发现,即使得了糖尿病,生活方式最健康者死亡率也能降低56%。

该研究结果进一步证实让生活方式更健康是糖尿病患者管理的基石,健康的生活方式干预可以降低糖尿病患者的心血管疾病转归。

研究建议,鼓励人们养成健康的生活习惯,例如健康饮食、多运动、戒烟和限酒。政府也应使健康的生活方式选择变得容易获得、负担得起和可持续。

作者也表示,由于大多数研究是在高收入国家进行的,参与者大多是白人,因此仍然需要其他人群提供更多的证据。


来源:
Yanbo Zhang, et al. Combined lifestyle factors and risk of incident type 2 diabetes and prognosis among individuals with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Diabetologia, 2020, 63, 21-33.

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