Circulation:CABG和PCI治疗血管病变或左心室收缩功能不全,孰优孰劣?

2016-05-13 fsy 译 MedSci原创

指南建议冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)对治疗多支血管病变和严重左心室(LV)收缩功能不全优于经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)。然而,在此类患者的随机试验中,还没有对CABG和PCI进行比较。该研究纳入了多支血管病变和LV收缩功能不全(射血分数≤35%)的患者,这些患者接受过依维莫司洗脱支架带(EES)的PCI或CABG,这些患者是从纽约州的注册中挑选出来的。主要成果是长期的全因死亡。次要终点为心肌梗

指南建议冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)对治疗多支血管病变和严重左心室(LV)收缩功能不全优于经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)。然而,在此类患者的随机试验中,还没有对CABG和PCI进行比较。

该研究纳入了多支血管病变和LV收缩功能不全(射血分数≤35%)的患者,这些患者接受过依维莫司洗脱支架(EES)的PCI或CABG,这些患者是从纽约州的注册中挑选出来的。主要成果是长期的全因死亡。次要终点为心肌梗死、卒中和再次血运重建的个别结果。在满足该研究纳入标准的4616名患者中(1351例EES和3265例CABG),倾向评分匹配确定了2126例有相似倾向性分数的患者。在短期内,与CABG相比,PCI可降低卒中的风险[HR=0.05; 95%CI为0.01至0.39; P=0.004]。在长期随访(平均2.9年)过程中,PCI治疗有类似的死亡风险(HR=1.01; 95%CI 0.81-1.28; P=0.91),增加了心肌梗死的风险(HR=2.16; 95%CI 1.42-3.28; P=0.0003),降低了卒中的风险(HR=0.57; 95%CI 0.33-0.97; P=0.04),并且再次血运重建的风险更高(HR=2.54; 95%CI 1.88-3.44; P<0.0001)。对于血运重建的完整性,交互检验具有统计学意义(P=0.002),例如在通过PCI实现完全血运重建的患者中,在PCI和CABG之间,心肌梗死没有区别。

在多支血管病变和严重左室收缩功能不全的患者中,与CABG相比,EES PCI具有类似的长期生存率。PCI增加了心肌梗死(在那些不完全血运重建的患者中)和再次血运重建的风险,而CABG增加了卒中的风险。

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