J Clin Hypertens:阜外医院王增武等研究称,中国接受美国高血压指南的成本高于获益

2019-07-07 卢芳 中国循环杂志

2017年美国高血压指南对高血压的新定义(≥130/80 mmHg),可谓一石激起千层浪。如果中国人群采用这版指南,会有什么样的临床效果?

2017年美国高血压指南对高血压的新定义(≥130/80 mmHg),可谓一石激起千层浪。如果中国人群采用这版指南,会有什么样的临床效果?

近日,中国医学科学院阜外医院王增武等进行的研究就此与2018年中国高血压指南进行了对比分析发现,他山之石不可攻玉,应对高血压防治还需根据国情来实施相应策略。

2018年中国高血压指南依旧采用≥140/90 mmHg的高血压诊断标准,研究显示,如果按此估算,中国人群中高血压患病率为32.0%,治疗率为43.4%。

若以2017年美国指南为基准,患病率则会再增加24.5%,估算全国会增加1.681亿高血压患者,而其中有3210万人服用降压药,才能达到43.4%的治疗率。

图1依据2017年美国高血压指南和2018年中国高血压指南对中国成人高血压的分类(其中在中国指南中,2级高血压和3级高血压合并为2级高血压估算)

治病就要花钱,以美国指南预估的这些高血压患者,终生接受治疗差不多产生427亿美元的直接医疗费用。

花这么多钱早期即开始干预高血压,能降低多少疾病负担?

这项研究应用伤残调整生命年(DALY)进行了评估。DALY是指从发病到死亡所损失的全部健康生命年,包括伤残所指健康生命损失年(YLD)和因早死所致生命损失年(YLL),兼顾了患病与死亡两方面的健康损失。1个DALY相当于损失1个健康生命年。

结果可见,应用美国指南来防治高血压可预防141万DALY损失,节省37.7亿美元心血管事件可能产生的花费。

据悉,在考量了治疗高血压的终生直接医疗花费和由此预防血管病而节省的费用以及疾病负担,世界卫生组织目前推荐的最大支付意愿门槛为每止损1个DALY花费27500余美元。

由此而言,应用美国指南超出了这一门槛。这也意味着,在人群中实施2017年美国指南,费效比不太合理。

除了钱的问题,此外,就强化降压对亚洲人群的获益,相关证据还不够坚实。

研究者指出,还需根据国情,制定和推广适合适宜的防治策略,比如加强人群生活方式干预,推广价低效好降压药物的治疗等。

这项研究也是中国高血压调查研究的最新成果。中国高血压调查研究在全国31个省、自治区、直辖市,采用分层多阶段随机抽样的方法,共抽取≥18岁及以上人群超过45万人进行的调查。

具体到目前的这项研究,入选了其中30864人,就此估算了应用美国2017版高血压指南推荐服用降压药的高血压患者比例;另外≥35岁32万人根据2018年中国指南和2017年美国指南评估了其中高血压的患病率、知晓率和控制率。

原始出处:
Wang Z, Hao G, Wang X, et al. Clinical outcomes and economic impact of the 2017ACC/AHA guidelines on hypertension in China. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2019 Jul 3.

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贝伐单抗是一种抗血管内皮表皮生长因子的单克隆抗体,应用该药进行联合化疗可严重卵巢癌和宫颈癌患者的生存期。高血压是所有血管生成抑制剂的已知副作用可导致治疗过程中止或在短时间内停止。本文的主要目的是针对接受贝伐单抗治疗的卵巢癌和宫颈癌患者高血压的管理提出指导建议。