ASCO 2013:联用生长因子可改善伊匹单抗针对黑色素瘤的疗效

2013-06-06 ASCO dxy

伊利诺斯州芝加哥市消息-一项临床2期研究结果显示,伊匹单抗联用某种生长因子时,产生的协同治疗效应似乎可以改善某些转移性黑色素瘤患者的总生存率。与伊匹单抗单药相比,患者通过伊匹单抗及生长因子沙格司亭(Leukine, Sanofi)联合治疗可获得较佳的总生存率(51.2%vs67.9%; 分层对数秩P1 = 0.016, P2 =.033)。首席作者、马萨诸塞州波士顿Dana-Farber癌症研究所

伊利诺斯州芝加哥市消息-一项临床2期研究结果显示,伊匹单抗联用某种生长因子时,产生的协同治疗效应似乎可以改善某些转移性黑色素瘤患者的总生存率。与伊匹单抗单药相比,患者通过伊匹单抗及生长因子沙格司亭(Leukine, Sanofi)联合治疗可获得较佳的总生存率(51.2%vs67.9%; 分层对数秩P1 = 0.016, P2 =.033)。首席作者、马萨诸塞州波士顿Dana-Farber癌症研究所的F. Stephen Hodi博士在一份新闻公报中称,“这是首个考察伊匹单抗联合GM-CSF治疗肿瘤的随机临床2期研究”。Hodi博士今天将在美国临床肿瘤学会(ASCO)2013年年会期间公布该研究结果。

联合治疗方案患者的中位总生存期为17.5个月;伊匹单抗单药方案患者为12.7个月(P = .0014)。与伊匹单抗治疗患者相比,245例接受联合治疗患者的死亡风险降低了35%(死亡率风险比,0.64)。该临床试验中位随访时间为13.3个月。被批准用于转移性黑色素瘤治疗的伊匹单抗剂量为3 mg/kg,但该试验治疗剂量较高(10 mg/kg)。沙格司亭为一类粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GM-CSF)药物,一般用于提高肿瘤患者的白血球总数。然而2010年的一项关键性临床试验结果却令人失望,联用生长因子并未显著提高伊匹单抗的缓解率,仅为10%。在本项临床试验中,伊匹单抗与GM-CSF联用方案的缓解率高于伊匹单抗单药方案,但差异并不显著(14.7% vs 11.3%)。

在答复Medscape 医学新闻相关提问时,宾夕法尼亚费城Wistar肿瘤研究所Ashani Weeraratna博士就该结果评论称,伊匹单抗联用GM-CSF的概念具有坚实的理论基础,Weeraratna 博士(未参与该研究)认为,“GM-CSF可增强免疫系统,提高其在抗击肿瘤时的应答能力。然而,肿瘤细胞会关闭这一应答过程。”她补充说,伊匹单抗则可抑制肿瘤细胞的识别并摧毁免疫系统T细胞的能力,而后者恰具有细胞毒作用。Weeraratna总结认为,“GM-CSF通过提高免疫应答发挥作用,而伊匹单抗则通过切断肿瘤细胞抵御提高的免疫攻击能力发挥作用”。

既然伊匹单抗和GM-CSF都已经上市,临床医师们是否应开始进行这种联合方案呢?但一位未参与该研究的黑色素瘤专家称,目前尚无相关应用。ASCO发言人Lynn Schuchter博士在一次会议新闻发布会上称,“GM-CSF联合伊匹单抗的方案尚为时过早”。Lynn Schuchter博士来自宾夕法尼亚大学费城Abramson肿瘤中心。她认为,该研究结果尚需得到重复。

联用GM-CSF方案的安全性也可能更好

伊匹单抗相关的不良事件迫使生产商在其标签上列出了黑框警告,并标注了相关风险评价及缓解措施。尽管毒性问题仍然困扰伊匹单抗;但联合GM-CSF则可能与降低其毒性有关。作者在摘要中声称,“研究发现,[联合治疗]组的耐受性存在改善趋势”。试验中共发生了9例与治疗相关的死亡病例(3例结肠穿孔, 1例心脏骤停, 2例肝功能衰竭, 1 例呼吸衰竭, 2 例多脏器衰竭)。其中7例死亡患者接受了伊匹单抗单药方案;该组较严重不良事件发生率也更高。在伊匹单抗联合GM-CSF方案组中,3至5级不良事件(分别为严重事件、危及生命/致残性事件、死亡事件)少于伊匹单抗单药方案组,但该差异并不具有显著性(45% vs 57%; P2= .078)。

Hodi博士及其同事将245例患者进行了随机分配,接受2种治疗方案中的一种;每三周静脉注射一次伊匹单抗(共4个周期),剂量为10 mg/kg,此后每12周,在为期21天的周期中的第1-12天时,联合250 μg GM-CSF进行皮下注射治疗;或按同样进度进行伊匹单抗单独给药。合格入选的患者此前曾接受过1次治疗或未接受过治疗,且患者应无中枢神经转移,功能状态评分较好(ECOG 功能状态为 0 或 1),终末器官功能充分,无自免疫疾病,且此前未接受过CTLA-4阻断/ CD137拮抗剂治疗(两类药物与伊匹单抗作用机制相同)。联合用药组与伊匹单抗单药方案组间在无进展生存期方面并无显著差异(3.2 vs 3.0个月)。

该研究支持单位:美国国家癌症研究所、Sanofi及Bristol-Myers Squibb。上述单位同时为该试验提供了药品。Hodi博士目前在Bristol-Myers Squibb公司担任顾问或提供咨询,并接受了该公司的研究赞助。其他共同作者也与该公司存在经济关系。

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    2013-08-03 quxin068
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    2013-06-28 sunylz
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JCO:ASCO新指南肯定癌症患者保存卵母细胞

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ASCO 2013:培美曲塞二线治疗EGFR野生型NSCLC优于吉非替尼

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ASCO 2013:二线治疗之Tivantinib的3期临床试验

Tivantinib是HGF的受体MET的抑制剂。这是一个3期临床试验,目标患者是在前期的全身治疗(包括索拉非尼)过程中进展或无法耐受的者,且肿瘤组织免疫组化染色证实MET高表达者。计划募集303名患者,按照2:1的比例随机接受tivantinib或安慰剂治疗。预期2015年中期可以完成研究。 Metiv-HCC: A phase III clinical trial evaluating ti

ASCO 2013:一线治疗之Nintedanib对索拉非尼的头对头临床试验

Nintedanib是一个口服的酪氨酸激酶抑制剂,靶点包括VEGF、PDGF和FGF信号通路。在这个2期临床研究中,患者按照2:1的比例随机接受nintedanib或索拉非尼治疗,预期2013年年底可以获得研究结果。 Open-label, phase I/randomized, phase II trial of the triple angiokinase inhibitor, ninted