Sci Transl Med:克服HER2靶向癌症治疗耐药的新策略-中国研究者祁小龙博士点评

2017-05-26 肿瘤资讯 肿瘤资讯

5月24日,Science旗下权威期刊Science Translational Medicine(影响因子16.264)以封面文章Cover story刊登了哈佛大学麻省总医院Rakesh K. Jain(美国科学院院士、美国工程院院士)团队的研究成果“The brain microenvironment mediates resistance in luminal breast cancer

5月24日,Science旗下权威期刊Science Translational Medicine(影响因子16.264)以封面文章Cover story刊登了哈佛大学麻省总医院Rakesh K. Jain(美国科学院院士、美国工程院院士)团队的研究成果“The brain microenvironment mediates resistance in luminal breast cancer to PI3K inhibition through HER3 activation”。本研究发现了一种HER2阳性乳腺癌脑转移后靶向耐药的新机制,同时提出了克服耐药性的新思路。肿瘤资讯第一时间邀请到参与本研究的中国研究者——南方医科大学南方医院祁小龙博士,为我们阐述该研究的临床转化价值。

HER2靶向治疗是HER2阳性转移性肿瘤(乳腺癌、胃癌等)一线治疗方案中的重要组成部分,临床试验表明其可显着延长HER2阳性晚期肿瘤患者的总生存。然而,HER2阳性乳腺癌一旦发生脑转移,对靶向治疗的敏感性会显着降低,其耐药机制至今尚未明确。

本研究首先构建了三种乳腺癌脑转移的动物模型:BT474(HER2扩增)、MDA-MB-361(HER2扩增且PIK3CA突变)和T47D(PIK3CA突变);验证了PI3K抑制剂Buparlisib对乳腺癌原位和脑转移灶的不同疗效反应及相关通路蛋白表达,证明该动物模型具有较高的临床研究价值。



进一步通过受体酪氨酸激酶磷酸化抗体芯片检测,发现HER3在HER2扩增或PIK3CA突变的乳腺癌脑转移病灶中存在过表达和磷酸化现象。利用免疫组化技术,研究分析了17对HER2阳性乳腺癌原发灶和脑转移灶临床样本,结果显示64.7%的脑转移样本中存在HER3表达上调。

此外,本研究检测了220种生长因子对Buparlisib处理的乳腺癌细胞的敏感性,结果提示HER3的配体Neuregulin是最有效的Buparlisib拮抗剂。随后,利用HER3单克隆抗体(LJM716)可在体外有效逆转Neuregulin诱导的PI3K抑制耐药性。



为了进一步验证该发现对克服HER2靶向耐药的应用价值,研究通过HER2阳性乳腺癌脑转移动物模型进行多种干预方案的疗效评估,结果表明HER3与HER2联合治疗可有效克服HER2的靶向耐药性。



南方医科大学南方医院祁小龙博士点评:

本研究阐述了肿瘤微环境对靶向治疗耐药的机制。通过与颅外病灶(乳腺、肝脏)的直接比较,我们发现了脑微环境会诱导PI3K抑制的耐药性。目前,靶向治疗大多是针对基因编辑过程中出现的表达异常或突变,而本研究恰巧说明了针对肿瘤微环境的重要作用,这对于肿瘤靶向治疗的认识具有重要影响。

脑转移瘤动物模型的构建始终是本领域的难点。本研究也存在这一缺陷:我们使用了颅内直接注射肿瘤细胞的脑转移模型。尽管该模型同样表现出脑转移瘤靶向耐药的临床表型,但这完全忽略了肿瘤转移早期发生的病理改变,也因此限制了本研究发现的转化前景。为了弥补这一缺陷,我们通过颈内动脉注射HER2阳性乳腺癌细胞的方法,构建了一种更加合理的脑转移动物模型。初步结果表明,HER3与HER2联合靶向抑制可显着延缓脑转移瘤的生长。

尽管靶向药物的呈递受损会严重影响脑转移瘤的疗效,本研究发现也清楚地证实了微环境在靶向耐药过程中扮演的重要角色,这为临床医生今后在制定靶向治疗的优化方案时提供了新的思路。鉴于目前医疗实践中仍然缺乏一种有效的乳腺癌脑转移治疗手段,本研究发现具有高度的转化前景和临床价值。

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    2018-01-27 stfoxst
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    2017-09-26 bsmagic9140
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    2017-05-26 135****7952平儿

    学习了。。。。。。。。

    0

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乳腺癌是意大利和世界妇女中最常见的癌症之一。然而今天,通过数值模拟,似乎可以设计出更有选择性和有效的药物。一项新的研究详细分析了激活参与雌激素合成的重要药理学靶点的机制,超出了实验方法的极限。这项由意大利癌症研究协会资助的研究表明,不同形状和大小的分子进入蛋白质活性区的路径相同,即合成雌性激素的核心蛋白。该研究发表在《物理化学快报》杂志上。细胞色素P450是在不同激素和药物代谢中起关键作用的酶,特

J Natl Cancer I:让乳腺癌患者动起来:生活方式与紫杉烷诱导的周围神经病变相关!

2017年2月,发表在《J Natl Cancer Inst》的一项由美国科学家进行的研究,得出了生活方式因素与乳腺癌患者紫杉烷诱导的周围神经病变(CIPN)相关的结论。研究人员在通路研究中检测了体重指数(BMI)和生活方式因素与CIPN之间的相关性,该研究是基于浸润性乳腺癌女性的前瞻性队列研究。方法:分析纳入了1237名接受紫杉烷治疗且提供神经毒性症状数据的女性。以基线访谈的形式评估了BMI(正

Science Advances:光声效应帮助医生彻底清除癌变组织,癌症手术效果倍增!

据调查,美国每年的乳腺癌患者约有25万,大部分患者都会接受手术治疗,最大限度的切除癌变组织,也尽可能多的保留健康的组织。

JCO:太极拳及认知行为治疗对乳腺癌患者失眠治疗效果比较

失眠是肿瘤患者常见的健康问题。接近30%的乳腺癌患者存在失眠问题,患病率是正常人群的2倍。认知行为治疗(CBT-I)和太极拳均可以改善失眠症状。