病程隐匿、难以治愈的腹胀腹泻

2017-11-16 MedSci MedSci原创

该病常见于儿童和青少年,也可见于早产儿,平均发病年龄11岁。患儿多有水肿与腹泻症状,伴有其他部位的淋巴回流障碍,临床表现为面部异常和精神发育迟滞时称作Hennekam综合征。病史:患者为一5岁6个月大的小男孩,父母健康,否认家族里其他亲人有类似症状出现。孩子是第一胎,顺产,产后母乳胃炎。1年前因双侧腹股沟斜疝行高位疝囊结扎术。患儿2岁多时无明显诱因下下出现腹部膨隆,病程中伴有反复腹泻,粪便为黄色泡



该病常见于儿童和青少年,也可见于早产儿,平均发病年龄11岁。患儿多有水肿与腹泻症状,伴有其他部位的淋巴回流障碍,临床表现为面部异常和精神发育迟滞时称作Hennekam综合征。

病史:

患者为一5岁6个月大的小男孩,父母健康,否认家族里其他亲人有类似症状出现。孩子是第一胎,顺产,产后母乳胃炎。1年前因双侧腹股沟斜疝行高位疝囊结扎术。

患儿2岁多时无明显诱因下下出现腹部膨隆,病程中伴有反复腹泻,粪便为黄色泡沫状,不伴黏液及脓血,2~5次/天,每次量不多,尿量正常。

当时,患儿因腹泻就诊当地医院,查粪便常规未见异常;超声检查提示肠瘀张,腹腔少量积液;钡灌肠提示乙状结肠稍冗长;未予特殊治疗。

后患儿腹胀逐渐加重,大便同前,体重增长缓慢,入院前10个月,再次就诊当地上级医院,查尿便常规未见异常,血常规白细胞总数不高,分类以中性粒细胞为主,淋巴细胞绝对值偏低;血涂片未见微丝蚴及疟原虫。生化示肝功能正常,总蛋白(TP)36.3g/L↓,白蛋白(ALB)19.5g/L↓,球蛋白(GLB)16.8g/L↓;铜篮蛋白208mg/L(正常参数值200~600mg/L)。胸腹部增强CT示:小肠肠管普遍增厚,肠腔内积液,结肠未见确切受累,肠系膜及大网膜明显肿胀,少量腹腔积液,肠道炎症可能性大。腹腔穿刺液外观乳浊,蛋白定性实验(++),乳糜试验阳性,淋巴细胞0.69,中性粒细胞0.09,单核细胞0.16,嗜酸粒细胞0.06,腺苷酸脱氨酶(ADA)活性试验正常;革兰染色未见细菌,抗酸染色阴性,墨汁染色阴性。拟诊腹腔积液原因待查:丝虫感染?予海群生(乙胺嗪)口服治疗。至入院前,患儿腹胀未见好转趋势,大便同前,体重不增,为进一步诊治来我院,门诊以“腹胀原因待查”收入院。

查体:

患儿身高101.5cm,体重16kg,腹围66cm,神清,精神反应可,营养不良貌,全身皮下脂肪菲薄,双侧腹股沟处可见手术切口瘢痕。全身皮肤黏膜无黄染、皮疹、淤点、淤斑。心肺查体未见异常。腹部膨隆明显,未见腹壁静脉显露及曲张,可见胃肠型,尤以进食后明显,腹软,全腹未触及包块,肝、脾肋下未触及,全腹无压痛、反跳痛,移动性浊音可疑阳性,肠鸣音正常,未闻及血管杂音。神经系统查体未见异常,四肢关节无红肿、活动自如,四肢肌肉无压痛,肌力、肌张力正常。

辅助检查:

心脏超声:心脏大小、结构及功能未见明显异常;

腹部超声:腹腔肠管肠壁明显增厚,腹腔积液(少量),余未见明显异常;

腹部增强CT:小肠肠壁弥漫增厚,以空肠显著,结肠形态良好,肠系膜密度减低且增厚。

电子胃镜检查:十二指肠降部可见密集白斑样物质附着,********(请前往梅斯医生查看)

电子结肠镜检查:未见明显异常。

十二指肠降部黏膜组织病理:散在慢性炎细胞浸润及淋巴管扩张。

淋巴管造影:*******(请前往梅斯医生查看)

血常规:白细胞7.05×109/L、中性粒细胞0.734、淋巴细胞比率0.099、淋巴细胞计数0.70×109/L↓、红细胞5.47×1012/L、血小板374×109/L、血红蛋白143g/L、
大生化:血清总蛋白TP35.1g/L↓,血清白蛋白ALB21.3g/L↓,血清球蛋白GLB13.8g/L↓,钙(Ca2+)1.99mmol/L,余项大致正常。

体液免疫:IgG1.365g/L↓,IgA0.123g/L↓,IgM0.247g/L↓。

细胞免疫:T淋巴细胞0.37↓,B淋巴细胞0.10↓,辅助/诱导性淋巴细胞0.09↓,抑制/细胞毒性淋巴细胞0.23,CD3+CD4+/CD3+CD8+比值0.93↓,自然杀伤性淋巴细胞0.49↑。
自身抗体谱、C-反应蛋白(CRP)、血沉(ESR)、病原学检查等未见明显异常。

简要解析:

该病临床表现多样,病程隐匿,诊治过程中易被忽视。该患儿自发病以来,曾多次院外就诊,辗转多家医院,未得到明确诊断。提高对本病的认识,除常见临床表现外,对不明原因慢性腹部膨隆,应尽早完善内镜、组织病理学活检及淋巴管造影检查明确诊断

体验详情,请前往梅斯医生→病例→内分泌科之“腹部膨隆3 年余”。



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    2017-11-18 qindq
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    2017-11-17 雅文博武

    学习了很多先进的医疗技术

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1313289, encodeId=f6d9131328933, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=697a85583cf' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#腹胀#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=85583, encryptionId=697a85583cf, topicName=腹胀)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d64f419, createdName=qindq, createdTime=Sat Nov 18 10:12:00 CST 2017, time=2017-11-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1618441, encodeId=d8aa1618441e8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5dbc98480ef' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#隐匿#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=98480, encryptionId=5dbc98480ef, topicName=隐匿)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=1caf19894563, createdName=41514493@qq.com, createdTime=Sat Nov 18 10:12:00 CST 2017, time=2017-11-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=261932, encodeId=6d9826193236, content=学习了很多先进的医疗技术, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20161027/IMG58114E1818EA51495.jpg, createdBy=4b2c1959822, createdName=雅文博武, createdTime=Fri Nov 17 07:19:51 CST 2017, time=2017-11-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=261866, encodeId=4255261866e9, content=学习学习学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzR8ylhYfiaoAUx2BsaYHVia1IKhG3Cg8CT84rBrn6iaVRkyAibJxBcLEXabOQ5p19vWgDe34ib5ErxNgx/0, createdBy=8a701629084, createdName=jihuaijun1112, createdTime=Fri Nov 17 01:35:09 CST 2017, time=2017-11-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=261774, encodeId=abe5261e7480, content=好资料学习了!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=92191944782, createdName=thlabcde, createdTime=Thu Nov 16 19:37:40 CST 2017, time=2017-11-16, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-11-17 jihuaijun1112

    学习学习学习

    0

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    2017-11-16 thlabcde

    好资料学习了!

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