Science:重磅!利用CRISPRi鉴定出细胞生长所需的499个lcnRNA

2016-12-18 佚名 生物谷

长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)是一类神秘的长200多个核苷酸但不会编码任何蛋白的分子。如今,在一项新的研究中,研究人员鉴定出499个lcnRNA是功能性的,并且在理解这些分子如何发挥作用方面取得重大进展。他们报道,不同于大多数蛋白编码基因---往往是众多细胞系所必需的---的是,针对测试的6种细胞系,在鉴定出的lcnRNA中,将近90%的lcnRNA似乎影响仅仅其中的一种细胞系的强劲生长。相关研


长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)是一类神秘的长200多个核苷酸但不会编码任何蛋白的分子。如今,在一项新的研究中,研究人员鉴定出499个lcnRNA是功能性的,并且在理解这些分子如何发挥作用方面取得重大进展。他们报道,不同于大多数蛋白编码基因---往往是众多细胞系所必需的---的是,针对测试的6种细胞系,在鉴定出的lcnRNA中,将近90%的lcnRNA似乎影响仅仅其中的一种细胞系的强劲生长。相关研究结果于2016年12月15日在线发表在Science期刊上,论文标题为“CRISPRi-based genome-scale identification of functional long noncoding RNA loci in human cells”。

论文共同通信作者、美国加州大学旧金山分校神经科学家Daniel Lim说,“lncRNA是一组非常神秘的转录本,在大多数细胞中大量地存在。人们并不清楚的是,存在多少数量的lncRNA,而且哪些lncRNA在基础生物学功能中发挥重要作用。我们吃惊地发现…大多数lncRNA仅在一种细胞类型中发挥功能。”

之前的研究已证实某些lncRNA在细胞功能、发育和疾病中发挥着关键性作用。美国哈佛大学lncRNA研究专家John Rinn(未参与这项研究)说,“十年多来,我们已知基因组的大部分经转录后产生lncRNA。几个研究团队已证实几十种lncRNA确实是细胞和甚至有机体活力所必需的。”

但是除了这些研究外,人们对lncRNA如何发挥功能知之甚少。论文共同通信作者、加州大学旧金山分校细胞与分子药理学教授Jonathan Weissman说,“我们并不知道的是,它们如何发挥功能和它们往往在哪些细胞类型中发挥功能。我们并没有对lcnRNA的生物学重要性获得良好的认识,而且我们仅有有限的工具来试图解决这些问题。”

为此,Lim、Weissman和同事们开发出一种CRISPR干扰(CRISPR interference, CRISPRi)平台,这种平台靶向7种不同的细胞系---6种转化的细胞系和一种人诱导性多能干细胞---中的16,401个lncRNA位点。通过利用他们的这种经过修饰的CRISPR技术抑制每个候选lncRNA的表达从而对上千个位点进行筛选之后,他们鉴定出499个位点是强劲的细胞生长所需要的,其中89%的位点似乎仅在一种细胞类型中发挥功能。

Lim说,“这种技术的力量真地是由CRISPRi提供的。我们能够关闭这些非编码转录本的转录。”为了让CRISPRi筛选平稳地开展,研究人员也为每个位点构建出由10个向导RNA(gRNA)组成的文库,因而共构建出大约170,000种gRNA。他们将这种文库命名为CRiNCL(CRISPRi noncoding library, CRISPRi非编码文库)。

研究人员写道,最为令人吃惊的是绝大多数lncRNA基因似乎改变仅一种细胞类型中的细胞生长。Weissman说,“不同于经常在很多不同的细胞类型中发挥至关重要作用的蛋白编码基因,这些仅在一种细胞中发挥至关重要作用的lncRNA很少会在其他的细胞类型中发挥着重要作用。这提示着lncRNA在给每个细胞赋予它自己的身份中发挥着作用。”

Rinn说,“这项研究是首次在特定的细胞系中对lncRNA进行全基因组筛选。依据这项研究,我们如今能够作出结论:大多数lncRNA在细胞活力中发挥着重要作用,正如猜测中的那样。但是如今,可以这么说,一切还得实践证明。”

他提醒道,仍不清楚的是这些鉴定出的499个lncRNA位点如何可能影响细胞生长。Rinn说,“这项研究格外仔细地控制全基因组筛选存在的多种不足之处。然而,这项研究并不能够排除是这些lncRNA的转录过程发挥重要作用还是最终的RNA产物才是一种功能性分子。”

Rinn补充道,这些发现可能最终对靶向癌症治疗产生影响。他说,“研究人员证实很多lcnRNA位点在细胞增殖中发挥着重要作用。因此,在发生细胞增殖的癌症等疾病中,这些鉴定出的位点可能代表着一种开发基于RNA的疗法的新方法。”

原始出处

S. John Liu, Max A. Horlbeck3,4,5,6,*, Seung Woo Cho9, Harjus S. Birk1,2, Martina Malatesta1,2, Daniel He1,2, Frank J. Attenello1,2, Jacqueline E. Villalta3,4,5,6, Min Y. Cho3,4,5,6, Yuwen Chen3,4,5,6, Mohammad A. Mandegar3, Michael P. Olvera3, Luke A. Gilbert3,4,5,6, Bruce R. Conklin3,7,8, Howard Y. Chang9, Jonathan S. Weissman3,4,5,6,†,‡, Daniel A. Lim .CRISPRi-based genome-scale identification of functional long noncoding RNA loci in human cells .Science.2016



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    2018-05-03 1e145228m78(暂无匿称)

    学习了.谢谢作者分享!

    0

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    2016-12-20 yuandd
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    2016-12-20 jichang
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=311575, encodeId=37dd3115e50a, content=学习了.谢谢作者分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3xJXLtMtt5B40XXuPjn9xn1rBhrM6fHLkX1hI86ZoWoPJkgDkZuJNKkBfBHOcRd1fAdezg7JlHNOokohdAp3WkI/0, createdBy=32c81964262, createdName=1e145228m78(暂无匿称), createdTime=Thu May 03 08:24:03 CST 2018, time=2018-05-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1275972, encodeId=266412e597252, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=755d5211a0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CRISPR#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5211, encryptionId=755d5211a0, topicName=CRISPR)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=583c133, createdName=yuandd, createdTime=Tue Dec 20 08:07:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375423, encodeId=53ab13e5423a9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Tue Dec 20 08:07:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1548964, encodeId=73771548964fc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f7879600061' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#重磅#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96000, encryptionId=f7879600061, topicName=重磅)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3acc14121561, createdName=xxxx1054, createdTime=Tue Dec 20 08:07:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1568994, encodeId=ce6b1568994bd, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5b9ee7968f5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#细胞生长#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=77968, encryptionId=5b9ee7968f5, topicName=细胞生长)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=75d615484024, createdName=wwzzly, createdTime=Tue Dec 20 08:07:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=163978, encodeId=3bbc1639e8ee, content=新的有价值的发现, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=55, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e9c1996425, createdName=SAd, createdTime=Mon Dec 19 06:07:47 CST 2016, time=2016-12-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=163954, encodeId=7a891639548d, content=不错不错。。。。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzR8ylhYfiaoAUx2BsaYHVia1IKhG3Cg8CT84rBrn6iaVRkyAibJxBcLEXabOQ5p19vWgDe34ib5ErxNgx/0, createdBy=8a701629084, createdName=jihuaijun1112, createdTime=Mon Dec 19 03:08:02 CST 2016, time=2016-12-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=163847, encodeId=7cde16384ed2, content=有待研究, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=62d381629, createdName=yafeiliutjh, createdTime=Sun Dec 18 18:15:10 CST 2016, time=2016-12-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-12-20 xxxx1054
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  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=311575, encodeId=37dd3115e50a, content=学习了.谢谢作者分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3xJXLtMtt5B40XXuPjn9xn1rBhrM6fHLkX1hI86ZoWoPJkgDkZuJNKkBfBHOcRd1fAdezg7JlHNOokohdAp3WkI/0, createdBy=32c81964262, createdName=1e145228m78(暂无匿称), createdTime=Thu May 03 08:24:03 CST 2018, time=2018-05-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1275972, encodeId=266412e597252, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=755d5211a0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CRISPR#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5211, encryptionId=755d5211a0, topicName=CRISPR)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=583c133, createdName=yuandd, createdTime=Tue Dec 20 08:07:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375423, encodeId=53ab13e5423a9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Tue Dec 20 08:07:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1548964, encodeId=73771548964fc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f7879600061' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#重磅#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96000, encryptionId=f7879600061, topicName=重磅)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3acc14121561, createdName=xxxx1054, createdTime=Tue Dec 20 08:07:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1568994, encodeId=ce6b1568994bd, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5b9ee7968f5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#细胞生长#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=77968, encryptionId=5b9ee7968f5, topicName=细胞生长)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=75d615484024, createdName=wwzzly, createdTime=Tue Dec 20 08:07:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=163978, encodeId=3bbc1639e8ee, content=新的有价值的发现, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=55, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e9c1996425, createdName=SAd, createdTime=Mon Dec 19 06:07:47 CST 2016, time=2016-12-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=163954, encodeId=7a891639548d, content=不错不错。。。。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzR8ylhYfiaoAUx2BsaYHVia1IKhG3Cg8CT84rBrn6iaVRkyAibJxBcLEXabOQ5p19vWgDe34ib5ErxNgx/0, createdBy=8a701629084, createdName=jihuaijun1112, createdTime=Mon Dec 19 03:08:02 CST 2016, time=2016-12-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=163847, encodeId=7cde16384ed2, content=有待研究, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=62d381629, createdName=yafeiliutjh, createdTime=Sun Dec 18 18:15:10 CST 2016, time=2016-12-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-12-19 SAd

    新的有价值的发现

    0

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    2016-12-19 jihuaijun1112

    不错不错。。。。

    0

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    2016-12-18 yafeiliutjh

    有待研究

    0

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