Arter Throm Vas Bio:中老年阿姨注意了!化验单上这一指标可能并不能说明你的心血管

2018-07-25 浮苏 生物探索

情人眼里出西施,人们总是带着主观性定义“好”和“坏”,胆固醇也不例外。通常,医生以定期监测“好胆固醇”(高密度脂蛋白)和“坏胆固醇”(低密度脂蛋白)的水平作为评估心血管健康的依据。但近日匹兹堡大学提供的新证据却驳斥了这一标准:特定类型的血液胆固醇测量可能不会降低老年妇女患心血管疾病的风险。

7月19日,发表在《Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology》杂志、题为“HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein) Metrics and Atherosclerotic Risk in Women”的这项研究质疑了目前在预测心脏病风险中使用HDL胆固醇为测量依据的情况,尤其是对女性来说。



高密度脂蛋白(HDL)——血清蛋白之一,是存在于血液中的一类颗粒,其大小和胆固醇含量各不相同。传统上,HDL被测量为由HDL颗粒携带的总胆固醇,称为HDL胆固醇,即HDL-C。但HDL-C不一定反映HDL颗粒的总体浓度、不均匀分布或含量和功能。流行病学及临床研究证明,HDL-C与冠心病、动脉粥样硬化等疾病发生机率呈负相关。

在最新研究中,匹兹堡大学的研究人员检查了1138名年龄在45岁到84岁之间的美国妇女的数据,这些妇女参加了由美国国立卫生研究院( NIH )的国家心脏、肺和血液研究所赞助的多种族动脉粥样硬化研究(Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, MESA )。MESA始于1999年,至今仍在跟踪参与者。

有趣的是,研究人员发现,传统的HDL-C测量方法无法准确描述绝经后妇女患心脏病的风险。

随着更年期的到来,女性在性激素、血脂、体脂沉积和血管健康方面会发生各种生理变化。作者假设,雌激素(一种心脏保护性性激素)的减少,以及其他代谢变化,会引发慢性炎症,并可能会改变HDL颗粒的质量。

“我们在以前的研究中已经看到了HDL-C和绝经后妇女之间意想不到的关系,但从未深入探讨过这种关系,”匹兹堡大学公共卫生学院副教授、首席研究员Samar El Khoudary博士指出。

这项研究中,他们观察到了HDL颗粒的数量和大小以及HDL颗粒携带的总胆固醇。此外,研究人员还分析了女性进入绝经后的年龄,以及进入更年期后的时间长短,这些因素可能会影响预期的HDL的保护作用。

令人意外的是,高水平HDL-C与动脉粥样硬化风险之间的有害联系在绝经年龄较大、尤其是绝经后10年以上的妇女中最为明显。

而与HDL-C相比,高浓度的HDL颗粒却可以降低动脉粥样硬化的风险。此外,研究人员还发现有大量的小HDL颗粒对绝经后妇女有益。且这些发现持续存在,与年龄和女性绝经后的时间无关。

Khoudary解释道,“这项研究颠覆了我们以前对不同女性群体的研究,并建议临床医生需要更仔细地研究中老年女性的HDL类型,因为HDL-C对绝经后女性的保护作用可能不像我们曾认为的那样。绝经后妇女的高HDL-C水平可能掩盖了重大的心脏病风险,我们还需更仔细地了解。"

原始出处:

Yi He,  Vishal Kothari, and  Karin E. Bornfeldt. High-Density Lipoprotein Function in Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes Mellitus. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular BiologyVolume 38, Issue 2.

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    2019-02-05 wushaoling
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    2019-06-14 sunylz
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    2019-05-02 zzc2220
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    2018-07-27 zhaojie88

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