精神疾病治疗的重要环节——健康教育

2018-04-28 培榕 医学界精神病学频道

对于医护人员来说,做好健康教育是治疗疾病的一部分,对于患者来说,遵循健康宣教是维持健康和预防疾病的基础。我们都不可以将其小觑,为了我们的工作和健康。

对于医护人员来说,做好健康教育是治疗疾病的一部分,对于患者来说,遵循健康宣教是维持健康和预防疾病的基础。我们都不可以将其小觑,为了我们的工作和健康。

提起健康教育,许多患者和其家属都会感到陌生,因为他们平日里看中更多的是整个疾病治疗和康复的过程,对于医务人员每日里向他们传达的卫生保健知识和健康理念,却毫不挂在心上。其实,这种对健康教育的忽略不但不利于疾病的康复,也大大的增加了疾病复发甚至是其他并发症出现的机率。相反,如果将其重视起来,那么对于治疗和预防疾病都会起到事半功倍的效果。尤其是在精神科,这种现象演绎的尤为明显。

男孩Bob刚出院一个星期又回来住院治疗了,原因是在家里没人看着他吃药,他自己也不自觉,虽然走的时候很清楚,和正常人一样,但是到了家里一自行停药,各种精神症状就接踵而至,最后导致不得不再次入院治疗,这让他原本就不富裕的家庭更雪上加霜。

男孩Mike因网络游戏出现幻觉妄想入院,治疗两个多月后痊愈出院。出院后患者无人监管,家长出去工作就将其一人反锁在家里,Mike不但没有坚持服药,并且再次接触网络游戏,不到两个星期病情再次复发,再次入院治疗。

每个精神病人在住院、出院的时候,医护人员都会再三叮嘱他们一定要按时服药,家属要对患者服药情况和生活起居起到一定的监督作用……这些都是平日里健康教育的内容,但是许多患者和其家属都不以为然,只看到了出院那一时的康复,却忽略了后期生活习惯和持续治疗的重要性,以为少吃一次药没什么大碍,结果却往往因小失大,造成了严重的后果。

男孩Micheal是一名高校的研究生,因“躁狂症”入院治疗,患者住院期间配合治疗,与医护人员相处十分融洽,出院后还经常保持联系,并且坚持服药,有什么情况及时和医护人员沟通,医护人员会根据他的情况给他提供一些好的建议,患者精神状态维持的非常好,学习生活也打理得井井有条。

精神疾病在社会上虽说总是受人歧视,但是如果控制得好,按照医护人员的健康宣教去做,还是可以像正常人一样学习,工作,生活的。精神病医院走出的不少精神病人,有年幼的孩童,英俊的青年,年迈的老人,他们出院之后有的努力学习,金榜题名;有的出来工作,为家人分忧;有的在家中安心养老,颐养天年……这些喜讯的背后是他们坚持治疗和重视预防疾病的硕果。这些患者往往不能忘怀在他们住院治疗期间,护士们对他们苦口婆心地叮咛和嘱咐,他们健康地维持离不开医护人员对他们的普及和宣教。

给患者和家属做健康教育是护理人员的一项职责。

健康教育的内容主要包括:

所患疾病的诊断和相关知识;

服用的药物名称、作用和副作用,以及副作用的应对方式;

在家里或在医院受精神症状支配时如何寻求帮助;

如何保持健康饮食和规律的作息时间,预防疾病复发;

鼓励患者正确面对疾病,增强患者的自信心,促进恢复社会功能;

告知家属如何配合患者的治疗和监督患者的生活。

......

健康教育不仅可以让患者正确了解他们的疾病,改变内心的排斥感,也可以促进护患沟通,增进护患关系。

当患者经过一段时间治疗,这些言语自然就烂熟于心,尤其是当他们的症状消失时,倘若能够掌握这些健康教育的内容,这对他们的康复和今后健康的维持会有很大的帮助。

人们常说:“看病如打仗,不如早早的预防疾病。”尤其对于精神病患者而言,预防与治疗同等重要。

许多家庭都会因为精神病人陷入窘境,却又无可奈何,要么就拖着不去就医,要么就看好了回家丝毫不再关心,最后导致症状复发,重蹈覆辙。这些都是因为听信了错误的理念造成的不良后果。由此看来,健康教育不但是我们工作人员的一项重要工作,也是患者和家属应该重视的一项内容。

在这个事事都追求效率的社会,人们往往喜欢急于求成,只看到想要的结果,却忽略了追寻的过程和维持美好结果的真谛。对于医护人员来说,做好健康教育是治疗疾病的一部分,对于患者来说,遵循健康宣教是维持健康和预防疾病的基础。我们都不可以将其小觑,为了我们的工作和健康。

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    2018-04-28 1de6402cm45(暂无匿称)

    学习了.谢谢分享

    0

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    2018-04-28 天地飞扬

    了解一下.谢谢分享!

    0

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    2018-04-28 惠映实验室

    学习了.谢谢分享.

    0

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