新技术:脑电波控制系统让瘫痪患者走起来了!

2015-09-28 佚名 生物谷

一项新的研究表明,一个26岁男子在双腿瘫痪五年后,利用用脑电波控制系统和能支持他体重背带系统,他成功迈出了步子。这项研究发表在本月23日的《Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation》上。为了重获走路的能力,病人头顶戴着特殊的帽子,帽子上布满电极可以检测到他的脑部电波信号,然后转化为电信号。这些电信号与脑电图测试时的信号类似。这些电信号被送到

一项新的研究表明,一个26岁男子在双腿瘫痪五年后,利用用脑电波控制系统和能支持他体重背带系统,他成功迈出了步子。这项研究发表在本月23日的《Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation》上。为了重获走路的能力,病人头顶戴着特殊的帽子,帽子上布满电极可以检测到他的脑部电波信号,然后转化为电信号。这些电信号与脑电图测试时的信号类似。这些电信号被送到了一台电脑,这台电脑可以“解码”这些电信号。然后,利用解码后的信息,再由电脑模拟出腿部神经应该接收到的神经信号,即电脑发送指令到另一个装置,这个装置可以刺激了人的腿的神经,引起肌肉运动,从而帮助这个人迈出步子。

使用这个系统,脊髓损伤的这位病人在已经瘫痪了五年后,能够行走约12英尺(3.66米)。他使用了一个学步车,并穿了一套背带,提供一些身体重量的支持,以防止腿部肌肉无力导致他跌倒。参考视频:Paralyzed Man Walks Again With EEG System Help | Video

“即使经过多年的脊髓损伤,腿部无法使用。但是大脑并未受到太大影响,似乎仍然可以产生神经信号和相应的脑电波,可以用来指示基本的行走动作。”该研究的共同作者之一,加利福尼亚大学埃文分校神经病学助理教授An Do,Irvine,在一份声明中说:“我们发现,在完全脊髓损伤后,你可以恢复直觉,大脑还可以控制行走。”

在以前的研究中,人们已经使用了类似的大脑控制系统(称为脑-机接口)来移动假肢,如一个机械手臂。而在去年,一个瘫痪的患者Juliano Pinto用自己的大脑来控制外骨骼,完成了2014年世界杯的第一个点球。而这项新的研究提供了一种证明,即一个双腿完全瘫痪的患者,仍然可以使用大脑来控制双腿,如果结合脑电波控制系统,可以用来刺激腿部肌肉和恢复行走。然而,研究人员也认同,这个研究只是基于一个病人,因此需要更多的参与者,看看其他瘫痪患者是否可以受益于该技术。不过,该系统的成功是重要的一步,可以恢复或改善腿部肌肉,对于进一步完善该系统并应用到更多的患者已经做出了很好的尝试。

研究人员们提到,在该男子使用该系统之前,他首先进行了一定的心理训练,学习使用他的脑电波来控制虚拟现实中的双腿。虽然双腿属于患者,但是他的脑部并不能直接控制。此外,患者还接受了身体训练以增强腿部肌肉。然后,当他被背带和学步车支撑住的时候,病人使用了大脑控制系统来练习走路。研究人员称,在暂停的20次之后,他能够在地面上缓慢行走了。在这个案例中,患者被控制的装置称为Parastep,可以为腿部肌肉提供电刺激模拟神经活动,来促进肌肉运动。

这项研究利用患者自己的脑部信号,成功实现了对腿部肌肉的刺激和控制。这种脑信号-腿部刺激的耦合,使得患者相信自己可以控制自己的双腿,从而更有对行走的自信和渴求。研究人员还认为,在未来,技术上的改进可能可以让整个系统小型化,并可以一部分植入患者身体,如脑部、脊髓等区域。这样患者将不需要进行繁琐的设备安装和拆卸。

此外,背部肌肉的电刺激可以帮助激活肌肉,并帮助病人保持身体直立,从而不需要使用背带和学步车来支撑身体。研究人员试图在目前的研究中进行这项研究,但这种刺激会干扰患者的脑电波的检测,如何进行二者的平衡则是个很重要的问题。研究人员最后说,“在未来,开发新的算法来过滤掉这些干扰信号,或开发一个完全植入式的脑-机接口系统,可能使我们能够克服这个问题,从而让患者不需要外部设备来支撑体重。”

信息来源:

LiveScience:Paralyzed Man Walks Again Using Brain-Wave System

LiveScience:Paralyzed Man Takes First Kick of 2014 World Cup

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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=63784, encodeId=8fd763e845f, content=中枢-外周神经系统以后可以通过新的通路恢复信号传导,比如发明医疗界的“光纤”系统(类似WiFi和lifi),只要指令中枢和接收器任然正常,这一切就都不是梦。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=108, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/04/24/1c2dbd6706e64df33befd6663f1d6b37.jpg, createdBy=94f61661779, createdName=lyh994, createdTime=Tue Feb 09 09:24:00 CST 2016, time=2016-02-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=63011, encodeId=4a2663011bb, content=神奇, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=107, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160203/IMG56B191D4EECEB3385.jpg, createdBy=42cc1685727, createdName=立信, createdTime=Wed Feb 03 11:07:00 CST 2016, time=2016-02-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1903699, encodeId=eb85190369968, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=be285836438' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新技术#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58364, encryptionId=be285836438, topicName=新技术)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d39f177, createdName=lixiao3326, createdTime=Sat Oct 03 02:23:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=40831, encodeId=82af408318a, content=直接语音控制更方便, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=119, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2019/03/08/dce92c5acdb74b1ebad9bf7691c2954b.jpg, createdBy=560d1655023, createdName=杨子, createdTime=Sun Oct 25 01:29:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1442960, encodeId=13ac144296063, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fe69e126189' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#瘫痪#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71261, encryptionId=fe69e126189, topicName=瘫痪)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=45265003536, createdName=ms1948154235210413, createdTime=Wed Sep 30 00:23:00 CST 2015, time=2015-09-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1448798, encodeId=9d4e1448e982f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=02028493e53' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脑电波#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=84937, encryptionId=02028493e53, topicName=脑电波)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ea045435857, createdName=gjsgj, createdTime=Wed Sep 30 00:23:00 CST 2015, time=2015-09-30, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-02-09 lyh994

    中枢-外周神经系统以后可以通过新的通路恢复信号传导,比如发明医疗界的“光纤”系统(类似WiFi和lifi),只要指令中枢和接收器任然正常,这一切就都不是梦。

    0

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    2016-02-03 立信

    神奇

    0

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  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=63784, encodeId=8fd763e845f, content=中枢-外周神经系统以后可以通过新的通路恢复信号传导,比如发明医疗界的“光纤”系统(类似WiFi和lifi),只要指令中枢和接收器任然正常,这一切就都不是梦。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=108, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/04/24/1c2dbd6706e64df33befd6663f1d6b37.jpg, createdBy=94f61661779, createdName=lyh994, createdTime=Tue Feb 09 09:24:00 CST 2016, time=2016-02-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=63011, encodeId=4a2663011bb, content=神奇, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=107, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160203/IMG56B191D4EECEB3385.jpg, createdBy=42cc1685727, createdName=立信, createdTime=Wed Feb 03 11:07:00 CST 2016, time=2016-02-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1903699, encodeId=eb85190369968, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=be285836438' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新技术#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58364, encryptionId=be285836438, topicName=新技术)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d39f177, createdName=lixiao3326, createdTime=Sat Oct 03 02:23:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=40831, encodeId=82af408318a, content=直接语音控制更方便, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=119, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2019/03/08/dce92c5acdb74b1ebad9bf7691c2954b.jpg, createdBy=560d1655023, createdName=杨子, createdTime=Sun Oct 25 01:29:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1442960, encodeId=13ac144296063, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fe69e126189' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#瘫痪#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71261, encryptionId=fe69e126189, topicName=瘫痪)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=45265003536, createdName=ms1948154235210413, createdTime=Wed Sep 30 00:23:00 CST 2015, time=2015-09-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1448798, encodeId=9d4e1448e982f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=02028493e53' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脑电波#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=84937, encryptionId=02028493e53, topicName=脑电波)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ea045435857, createdName=gjsgj, createdTime=Wed Sep 30 00:23:00 CST 2015, time=2015-09-30, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-10-25 杨子

    直接语音控制更方便

    0

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  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=63784, encodeId=8fd763e845f, content=中枢-外周神经系统以后可以通过新的通路恢复信号传导,比如发明医疗界的“光纤”系统(类似WiFi和lifi),只要指令中枢和接收器任然正常,这一切就都不是梦。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=108, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/04/24/1c2dbd6706e64df33befd6663f1d6b37.jpg, createdBy=94f61661779, createdName=lyh994, createdTime=Tue Feb 09 09:24:00 CST 2016, time=2016-02-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=63011, encodeId=4a2663011bb, content=神奇, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=107, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160203/IMG56B191D4EECEB3385.jpg, createdBy=42cc1685727, createdName=立信, createdTime=Wed Feb 03 11:07:00 CST 2016, time=2016-02-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1903699, encodeId=eb85190369968, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=be285836438' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新技术#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58364, encryptionId=be285836438, topicName=新技术)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d39f177, createdName=lixiao3326, createdTime=Sat Oct 03 02:23:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=40831, encodeId=82af408318a, content=直接语音控制更方便, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=119, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2019/03/08/dce92c5acdb74b1ebad9bf7691c2954b.jpg, createdBy=560d1655023, createdName=杨子, createdTime=Sun Oct 25 01:29:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1442960, encodeId=13ac144296063, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fe69e126189' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#瘫痪#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71261, encryptionId=fe69e126189, topicName=瘫痪)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=45265003536, createdName=ms1948154235210413, createdTime=Wed Sep 30 00:23:00 CST 2015, time=2015-09-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1448798, encodeId=9d4e1448e982f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=02028493e53' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脑电波#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=84937, encryptionId=02028493e53, topicName=脑电波)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ea045435857, createdName=gjsgj, createdTime=Wed Sep 30 00:23:00 CST 2015, time=2015-09-30, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-09-30 gjsgj

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