Cell Reports :模拟平滑肌细胞 有助理解老年痴呆

2014-12-19 佚名 生物谷

项新的科学研究显示,科学家可以培养成长出与脑动脉中平滑肌肉细胞非常相似的细胞,这就将使其更容易研究血管疾病对神经退行性疾病的贡献。 平滑肌细胞是血管壁的一个重要组成部分,但出人意料的是,它们是器官特异性:例如脑动脉平滑肌细胞不同于冠状动脉的平滑肌细胞。这些细胞的详细属性在疾病过程中很重要的。因此,在实验室中研究疾病如阿尔茨海默氏病(AD)或血管性痴呆所使用的细胞需要紧密匹配活脑中的细胞。 分子

项新的科学研究显示,科学家可以培养成长出与脑动脉中平滑肌肉细胞非常相似的细胞,这就将使其更容易研究血管疾病对神经退行性疾病的贡献。

平滑肌细胞是血管壁的一个重要组成部分,但出人意料的是,它们是器官特异性:例如脑动脉平滑肌细胞不同于冠状动脉的平滑肌细胞。这些细胞的详细属性在疾病过程中很重要的。因此,在实验室中研究疾病如阿尔茨海默氏病(AD)或血管性痴呆所使用的细胞需要紧密匹配活脑中的细胞。

分子和细胞生物学Christine Cheung说:但是脑组织或标本很难得获得来进行研究,所以我们的实验室的工作重点是创建器官特异性血管细胞。用人类干细胞开展研究,Cheung制造出脑血管平滑肌细胞。首先,他们利用一个化学鸡尾酒推动干细胞成为脑中的胚胎组织,然后够制造大脑特定平滑肌细胞。

然后该团队用这些细胞来研究AD中的重要过程:即一种有毒物质——淀粉样蛋白β(是主要由神经细胞产生)的积累。与在其他器官中的对照细胞相比,脑内动脉健康的平滑肌细胞可以删除并分解淀粉样β。Cheung怀疑这对于脑中降低“淀粉样蛋白负担”是一种重要机制。

她的团队表明他们新创建的平滑肌细胞功能良好:它们处理淀粉样蛋白β的方式似乎与人脑动脉中的天然平滑肌细胞相同。就像脑血管平滑肌细胞,新创建的细胞消除淀粉样β的能力会在缺氧条件下则明显减少。现在,Cheung用此细胞来测试AD的潜在治疗药物。我们需要创造好的、可靠的测量技术,可以用它来评估现有的药物和营养化合物。

由团队开发的高通量检测可以同时测试近100种不同的化合物对细胞的作用,看看淀粉样处理是否得到改善。Cheung说,到目前为止,很少有人注意老年痴呆症的血管病变。这些新创造出的细胞将有助于阐明血管在疾病中的作用。

原始出处

Cheung, C., Goh, Y. T., Zhang, J., Wu, C. & Guccione, E.Modeling cerebrovascular pathophysiology in amyloid-β metabolism using neural-crest-derived smooth muscle cells.Cell Reports.2014

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    2015-11-23 维他命