监管总局:慎防食用野生蘑菇引发的食物中毒

2019-04-22 佚名 中国新闻网

据国家市场监管总局官方微博消息,为预防食用野生毒蘑菇中毒,国家市场监督管理总局发布消费警示:不随意采食野生蘑菇,慎防食用野生蘑菇引发的食物中毒。

据国家市场监管总局官方微博消息,为预防食用野生毒蘑菇中毒,国家市场监督管理总局发布消费警示:不随意采食野生蘑菇,慎防食用野生蘑菇引发的食物中毒。

蘑菇的种类繁多,超过3.6万种。在《中国居民膳食指南(2016)》中,蘑菇被归为菌藻类,该类食物含有蛋白质、多糖、β-胡萝卜素及铁、锌和硒等矿物质。蘑菇分布的地域也非常广,森林、草原、平原、路边等都可以采到。

我国已知可食用的蘑菇有1000多种,有毒蘑菇有400多种,其中含剧毒可对人有致死危险的蘑菇有40多种。

预防食用野生毒蘑菇中毒,特做如下消费警示。

一、不随意采食野生蘑菇

目前尚无简易科学的方法鉴别野生蘑菇是否有毒,所以个人不要采食野生蘑菇。同时,也不要购买个人采摘售卖的野生蘑菇。对于市场上售卖的野生蘑菇,也不能放松警惕,特别是没吃过或不认识的野生蘑菇,更不要轻易食用。

二、谨防误食野生毒蘑菇

由于有毒蘑菇与普通食用蘑菇很难鉴别,仅依靠民间流传下来的“经验”并不能保证误采有毒蘑菇,导致经常误采误食野生毒蘑菇发生中毒现象。

三、出现中毒症状立即就医

不同种类的毒蘑菇所含毒素不同,引起的中毒症状也不同。野生蘑菇中毒的种类有,肠中毒型、神经精神型、溶血型、肝脏损害型、呼吸与循环衰竭型、光过敏性皮炎型等。其中,肠中毒型最为普遍。一般误食毒蘑菇后,最短可以在10分钟、最长6小时后发病。一旦食用野生蘑菇后出现头昏、恶心、呕吐、腹痛、腹泻、烦躁不安、幻觉等中毒症状,要立即催吐,并立即送医。

四、生产经营者做到“三不”

生产经营者在加工、售卖野生蘑菇时,应做到不采摘、不加工、不经营不认识的蘑菇,要确保所加工、经营的蘑菇中未混入有毒蘑菇,以避免承担相应的经济与法律责任。

五、有关单位要警示风险

在野生蘑菇采食期,产菇和有采食野生蘑菇习惯地区的监管部门和有关单位,通过各种形式宣传和广而告之公众,不要随意采摘、食用野生蘑菇。同时,根据各地误食毒蘑菇中毒特点,结合气温、湿度、降雨量等因素,在蘑菇成熟期前进行预警预报,及时发布风险警示或消费提示。在发现过严重误食毒蘑菇中毒的地方,建议竖立警示牌。

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    2019-04-24 mashirong
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    2019-04-24 wwzzly
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    2019-04-24 yhy100201
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    2019-04-24 楚秀娟

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