Lancet Neurol:逾***研究!这项和阿尔兹海默症傻傻分不清的疾病,出基因谱了!

2017-12-20 Juka 转化医学网

在痴呆综合征的疾病谱中,路易体痴呆( DLB)可以说是最富有临床戏剧特色,最容易被误诊,也是较晚才被单列出来的痴呆类型。近期《柳叶刀神经病学杂志》发表了一篇新研究,揭示了路易体痴呆的基因谱特征!

在痴呆综合征的疾病谱中,路易体痴呆( DLB)可以说是最富有临床戏剧特色,最容易被误诊,也是较晚才被单列出来的痴呆类型。近期《柳叶刀神经病学杂志》发表了一篇新研究,揭示了路易体痴呆的基因谱特征!

路易体痴呆(DLB)是一组在临床和病理表现上重叠于帕金森病(PD)与阿尔兹海默症(AD)之间以波动性认知功能障碍、视幻觉和帕金森综合征为临床特点,以路易体为病理特征的神经变性疾病。

近日,一项发表在《柳叶刀神经病学杂志》的研究,揭示了路易体痴呆的基因谱特征。

首个关于路易体痴呆的大规模基因研究表明:有别于阿尔兹海默症及帕金森病,路易体痴呆具有独特的基因谱。

本文的第一作者约瑟·布拉博士(伦敦大学学院神经病学和阿尔兹海默症协会高级研究员)说“虽然路易体痴呆占总痴呆病例的10%-15%,但它由于经常被误诊为AD或PD,所以大家对它的熟知程度并不高。”

阿尔兹海默症学会的负责人与发起人布朗·道格博也说道:“DLB常被误诊为AD或PD。但此研究表明,DLB确实是另外一种罕见的疾病。” 那该结果到底是如何被发现的呢?

该研究团队对1743名患有DLB的痴呆患者进行了基因分型,包括临床样本和1324个病理样本的评估,还设置了4454名成员组成的对照组。

在研究中发现与DLB显着相关的两种基因位点,分别是APOE和GBA。这两种基因位点分别与AD及PD也存在关联。有趣的是,而另一个基因位点SNCA被发现既与PD有关,也与DLB有关。

研究团队还发现了几个与AD和PD相关的基因位点,但它们与DLB不存在关联性。

约瑟·布拉博士说,“由于之前发现的与DLB相关的基因位点也与AD和PD有关,所以目前还不清楚DLB的基因来源是否仅仅是这两种疾病的结合。我们已经证实,DLB有自己独特的基因谱。”

“研究参与者的选择在痴呆症试验中是一个巨大的挑战。”她说:“我们的研究发现可以用来更清楚地确定每个参与者的痴呆类型,这样他们就可以参与到正确(痴呆类型)的临床试验中来,使得研究参与者获得更好的治疗和诊断途径。”

研究人员还希望通过进一步对基因在DLB致中的重要性的理解,他们的研究结果将有助于靶向治疗的发展。

“DLB和PD有很多相似之处,因为患有DLB的人(随着病程的进展)往往会表现出PD的症状,而帕金森病患者往往会发展为痴呆。通过了解遗传因素,我们可以更有效地针对不同的群体进行治疗。”布拉博士解释道。

在此研究中,研究者首次确认了DLB的遗传率评估为36%,而这一点也与PD相似。携带四种特定染色体的患者的遗传率特别高,这表明进一步的研究可以集中在这些染色体的异常基因位点检测上。这也将有助于提高临床试验,还有助于临床(对这项疾病)进行更具有针对性的治疗。

阿尔兹海默症学会的负责人与发起人布朗·道格博说:“尽管在老年人中DLB是一最常见的痴呆类型,但直到现在还没有足够的信息明确它的病因,所以研究显示该病具有36%的遗传率表明:DLB的病因可能主要来源于遗传,这是一个真实的启示。”

“作为同类研究中规模最大、最详细的研究,这些结果将在未来的研究中具有不可估量的价值,这将是我们迈向理解和治疗各种类型痴呆症道路上的一个重要的里程碑。”

原始出处:

Rita Guerreiro,et al.,Investigating the genetic architecture of dementia with Lewy bodies: a two-stage genome-wide association study.Lancet Neurol.Volume 17, No. 1, p64–74, January 2018.

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    2018-03-16 howi
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    2018-07-30 yinhl1978
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    2017-12-23 半夏微凉

    阅读了谢谢分享.

    0

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    2017-12-20 lou.minghong

    学习谢谢分享!

    0

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