JAMA:抗击抑郁,营养补充剂及饮食改变有效吗?

2019-03-09 国际糖尿病编辑部 国际糖尿病

肥胖与抑郁症分别是当前全球范围内流行的两大身心健康问题。以美国为例,成人中超重或肥胖及严重抑郁者的比例分别为70%和6.7%。既往研究显示,超重及肥胖者更容易患抑郁症。因此,人们开始思索“肥胖与抑郁症之间到底有何关系,有助于减轻肥胖的饮食干预是否有助于抗击抑郁症”。

肥胖与抑郁症分别是当前全球范围内流行的两大身心健康问题。以美国为例,成人中超重或肥胖及严重抑郁者的比例分别为70%和6.7%。既往研究显示,超重及肥胖者更容易患抑郁症。因此,人们开始思索“肥胖与抑郁症之间到底有何关系,有助于减轻肥胖的饮食干预是否有助于抗击抑郁症”。

JAMA上发表的一项最新研究探讨了不同饮食策略对超重及肥胖人群心理健康结局的影响。研究共计从英国、德国、荷兰及西班牙四国入选1025例抑郁症高危但基线并无抑郁症的、BMI>25 kg/m2的超重及肥胖患者,将其随机分为营养补充剂(包括叶酸、维生素D、ω-3鱼油、锌、硒)组(同时接受心理行为干预以改善其饮食习惯)与安慰剂组。随访1年发现,与安慰剂相比,应用营养补充剂对抑郁症并无任何保护作用。但是,鼓励健康膳食的行为治疗则能产生一定的积极效果,但并未达显著统计学意义。不过,若受试者参加了所有行为干预并遵从相关建议,则似乎可预防一些抑郁事件的发生。因此,某些饮食干预可能对抗击抑郁症有所帮助。具体来说,健康膳食模式如地中海饮食可降低抑郁症风险。此外,对于肥胖患者而言,减轻体重有助于减轻抑郁症状。但是,需要强调的是,简单地进行营养改变可能不足以达到预防抑郁症的效果。因此,现有证据并不支持应用营养补充剂来预防抑郁症。

总的来说,饮食到底能否预防抑郁症仍有待进一步研究。未来,有必要进一步探讨饮食模式如何影响心理健康结局以及哪些类型的饮食变化最有助于预防抑郁症的发生。

那么,答案来了——营养补充剂来预防抑郁症并无依据。对于肥胖者而言,无论如何,减重是不二的选择;饮食改变对抑郁症的助益还需做深入研究。

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2059020, encodeId=52dc20590209d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ee8e881e23f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#营养补充剂#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=88172, encryptionId=ee8e881e23f, topicName=营养补充剂)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a4d285, createdName=日月, createdTime=Tue Jul 09 11:55:00 CST 2019, time=2019-07-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=366967, encodeId=b54e36696e43, content=很好的学习机会, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/04/12/cd30eefc465f70dc4dad89bd57479781.jpg, createdBy=02be2318568, createdName=一天没事干, createdTime=Wed May 29 08:35:45 CST 2019, time=2019-05-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=364681, encodeId=ea35364681fe, content=很好的学习机会, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/04/12/cd30eefc465f70dc4dad89bd57479781.jpg, createdBy=02be2318568, createdName=一天没事干, createdTime=Mon Apr 15 08:11:14 CST 2019, time=2019-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=364644, encodeId=fd383646448a, content=很好的学习机会, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/04/12/cd30eefc465f70dc4dad89bd57479781.jpg, createdBy=02be2318568, createdName=一天没事干, createdTime=Sun Apr 14 13:45:17 CST 2019, time=2019-04-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=362734, encodeId=4d65362e3467, content=很好的学习机会, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/04/12/cd30eefc465f70dc4dad89bd57479781.jpg, createdBy=02be2318568, createdName=一天没事干, createdTime=Sat Mar 16 10:27:50 CST 2019, time=2019-03-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=362526, encodeId=9c5a3625264e, content=估计可能有心理安慰吧, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=94, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2019/03/12/b047e7b7a940408d27cdc9f008613c4d.jpg, createdBy=bcec2287184, createdName=怪物博士, createdTime=Tue Mar 12 17:25:58 CST 2019, time=2019-03-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=362348, encodeId=0153362348d8, content=很好的学习机会, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/04/12/cd30eefc465f70dc4dad89bd57479781.jpg, createdBy=02be2318568, createdName=一天没事干, createdTime=Sun Mar 10 01:02:32 CST 2019, time=2019-03-10, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-05-29 一天没事干

    很好的学习机会

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  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2059020, encodeId=52dc20590209d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ee8e881e23f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#营养补充剂#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=88172, encryptionId=ee8e881e23f, topicName=营养补充剂)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a4d285, createdName=日月, createdTime=Tue Jul 09 11:55:00 CST 2019, time=2019-07-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=366967, encodeId=b54e36696e43, content=很好的学习机会, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/04/12/cd30eefc465f70dc4dad89bd57479781.jpg, createdBy=02be2318568, createdName=一天没事干, createdTime=Wed May 29 08:35:45 CST 2019, time=2019-05-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=364681, encodeId=ea35364681fe, content=很好的学习机会, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/04/12/cd30eefc465f70dc4dad89bd57479781.jpg, createdBy=02be2318568, createdName=一天没事干, createdTime=Mon Apr 15 08:11:14 CST 2019, time=2019-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=364644, encodeId=fd383646448a, content=很好的学习机会, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/04/12/cd30eefc465f70dc4dad89bd57479781.jpg, createdBy=02be2318568, createdName=一天没事干, createdTime=Sun Apr 14 13:45:17 CST 2019, time=2019-04-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=362734, encodeId=4d65362e3467, content=很好的学习机会, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/04/12/cd30eefc465f70dc4dad89bd57479781.jpg, createdBy=02be2318568, createdName=一天没事干, createdTime=Sat Mar 16 10:27:50 CST 2019, time=2019-03-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=362526, encodeId=9c5a3625264e, content=估计可能有心理安慰吧, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=94, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2019/03/12/b047e7b7a940408d27cdc9f008613c4d.jpg, createdBy=bcec2287184, createdName=怪物博士, createdTime=Tue Mar 12 17:25:58 CST 2019, time=2019-03-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=362348, encodeId=0153362348d8, content=很好的学习机会, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/04/12/cd30eefc465f70dc4dad89bd57479781.jpg, createdBy=02be2318568, createdName=一天没事干, createdTime=Sun Mar 10 01:02:32 CST 2019, time=2019-03-10, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-04-15 一天没事干

    很好的学习机会

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  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2059020, encodeId=52dc20590209d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ee8e881e23f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#营养补充剂#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=88172, encryptionId=ee8e881e23f, topicName=营养补充剂)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a4d285, createdName=日月, createdTime=Tue Jul 09 11:55:00 CST 2019, time=2019-07-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=366967, encodeId=b54e36696e43, content=很好的学习机会, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/04/12/cd30eefc465f70dc4dad89bd57479781.jpg, createdBy=02be2318568, createdName=一天没事干, createdTime=Wed May 29 08:35:45 CST 2019, time=2019-05-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=364681, encodeId=ea35364681fe, content=很好的学习机会, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/04/12/cd30eefc465f70dc4dad89bd57479781.jpg, createdBy=02be2318568, createdName=一天没事干, createdTime=Mon Apr 15 08:11:14 CST 2019, time=2019-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=364644, encodeId=fd383646448a, content=很好的学习机会, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/04/12/cd30eefc465f70dc4dad89bd57479781.jpg, createdBy=02be2318568, createdName=一天没事干, createdTime=Sun Apr 14 13:45:17 CST 2019, time=2019-04-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=362734, encodeId=4d65362e3467, content=很好的学习机会, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/04/12/cd30eefc465f70dc4dad89bd57479781.jpg, createdBy=02be2318568, createdName=一天没事干, createdTime=Sat Mar 16 10:27:50 CST 2019, time=2019-03-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=362526, encodeId=9c5a3625264e, content=估计可能有心理安慰吧, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=94, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2019/03/12/b047e7b7a940408d27cdc9f008613c4d.jpg, createdBy=bcec2287184, createdName=怪物博士, createdTime=Tue Mar 12 17:25:58 CST 2019, time=2019-03-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=362348, encodeId=0153362348d8, content=很好的学习机会, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/04/12/cd30eefc465f70dc4dad89bd57479781.jpg, createdBy=02be2318568, createdName=一天没事干, createdTime=Sun Mar 10 01:02:32 CST 2019, time=2019-03-10, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-04-14 一天没事干

    很好的学习机会

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2059020, encodeId=52dc20590209d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ee8e881e23f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#营养补充剂#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=88172, encryptionId=ee8e881e23f, topicName=营养补充剂)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a4d285, createdName=日月, createdTime=Tue Jul 09 11:55:00 CST 2019, time=2019-07-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=366967, encodeId=b54e36696e43, content=很好的学习机会, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/04/12/cd30eefc465f70dc4dad89bd57479781.jpg, createdBy=02be2318568, createdName=一天没事干, createdTime=Wed May 29 08:35:45 CST 2019, time=2019-05-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=364681, encodeId=ea35364681fe, content=很好的学习机会, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/04/12/cd30eefc465f70dc4dad89bd57479781.jpg, createdBy=02be2318568, createdName=一天没事干, createdTime=Mon Apr 15 08:11:14 CST 2019, time=2019-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=364644, encodeId=fd383646448a, content=很好的学习机会, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/04/12/cd30eefc465f70dc4dad89bd57479781.jpg, createdBy=02be2318568, createdName=一天没事干, createdTime=Sun Apr 14 13:45:17 CST 2019, time=2019-04-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=362734, encodeId=4d65362e3467, content=很好的学习机会, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/04/12/cd30eefc465f70dc4dad89bd57479781.jpg, createdBy=02be2318568, createdName=一天没事干, createdTime=Sat Mar 16 10:27:50 CST 2019, time=2019-03-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=362526, encodeId=9c5a3625264e, content=估计可能有心理安慰吧, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=94, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2019/03/12/b047e7b7a940408d27cdc9f008613c4d.jpg, createdBy=bcec2287184, createdName=怪物博士, createdTime=Tue Mar 12 17:25:58 CST 2019, time=2019-03-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=362348, encodeId=0153362348d8, content=很好的学习机会, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/04/12/cd30eefc465f70dc4dad89bd57479781.jpg, createdBy=02be2318568, createdName=一天没事干, createdTime=Sun Mar 10 01:02:32 CST 2019, time=2019-03-10, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-03-16 一天没事干

    很好的学习机会

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2059020, encodeId=52dc20590209d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ee8e881e23f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#营养补充剂#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=88172, encryptionId=ee8e881e23f, topicName=营养补充剂)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a4d285, createdName=日月, createdTime=Tue Jul 09 11:55:00 CST 2019, time=2019-07-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=366967, encodeId=b54e36696e43, content=很好的学习机会, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/04/12/cd30eefc465f70dc4dad89bd57479781.jpg, createdBy=02be2318568, createdName=一天没事干, createdTime=Wed May 29 08:35:45 CST 2019, time=2019-05-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=364681, encodeId=ea35364681fe, content=很好的学习机会, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/04/12/cd30eefc465f70dc4dad89bd57479781.jpg, createdBy=02be2318568, createdName=一天没事干, createdTime=Mon Apr 15 08:11:14 CST 2019, time=2019-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=364644, encodeId=fd383646448a, content=很好的学习机会, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/04/12/cd30eefc465f70dc4dad89bd57479781.jpg, createdBy=02be2318568, createdName=一天没事干, createdTime=Sun Apr 14 13:45:17 CST 2019, time=2019-04-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=362734, encodeId=4d65362e3467, content=很好的学习机会, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/04/12/cd30eefc465f70dc4dad89bd57479781.jpg, createdBy=02be2318568, createdName=一天没事干, createdTime=Sat Mar 16 10:27:50 CST 2019, time=2019-03-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=362526, encodeId=9c5a3625264e, content=估计可能有心理安慰吧, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=94, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2019/03/12/b047e7b7a940408d27cdc9f008613c4d.jpg, createdBy=bcec2287184, createdName=怪物博士, createdTime=Tue Mar 12 17:25:58 CST 2019, time=2019-03-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=362348, encodeId=0153362348d8, content=很好的学习机会, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/04/12/cd30eefc465f70dc4dad89bd57479781.jpg, createdBy=02be2318568, createdName=一天没事干, createdTime=Sun Mar 10 01:02:32 CST 2019, time=2019-03-10, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-03-12 怪物博士

    估计可能有心理安慰吧

    0

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    2019-03-10 一天没事干

    很好的学习机会

    0

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