病例:内镜黏膜下剥离术治疗小儿胃重复畸形

2019-03-19 不详 消化科空间

患儿,女,5个月,因"发现胃内囊肿5个月余"入院。5个月余前患儿于胎儿期(母亲孕40周)在当地医院超声检查提示胃腔内囊肿,患儿出生后精神、食欲可,生长发育正常,无吐奶、呛奶,无腹胀、腹泻,无发热、乏力等表现,近期无咳嗽、流涕、气喘,大小便正常。

摘要

重复畸形亦称重复、双胃或胃重复囊肿,是一种罕见的先天性疾病,多采用传统的外科手术治疗。某医院近期收治了1例位于胃底部的胃重复畸形患儿,采用内镜黏膜下剥离术进行治疗,术后4个月胃镜复查显示创面愈合良好。

患儿,女,5个月,因"发现胃内囊肿5个月余"入院。5个月余前患儿于胎儿期(母亲孕40周)在当地医院超声检查提示胃腔内囊肿,患儿出生后精神、食欲可,生长发育正常,无吐奶、呛奶,无腹胀、腹泻,无发热、乏力等表现,近期无咳嗽、流涕、气喘,大小便正常。

入院后查体:腹平软,未扪及包块,无压痛、反跳痛,肠鸣音正常。实验室检查未见明显异常。腹部彩超提示胃底部黏膜下囊性包块,局部胃壁肌层、浆膜层连续完整。

胃镜检查示胃底光滑黏膜隆起,表面略充血(图1)。超声扫描见病变源于黏膜下层,呈无回声改变,最大截面直径22.2 mm×21.2 mm(图2),壁厚(含胃壁)2.7 mm,囊腔基底部可见絮状物,腔内未见血流,囊壁近基底可见血管回声,顶端半球未见血流,其余各层未见异常,肝脏、胰腺、胆囊及腹膜后未见异常回声。

诊断考虑为胃底黏膜隆起性病变,胃重复畸形可能。患儿年龄小,直接外科手术创伤大,可能影响患儿以后的生活,为进一步明确病变性质,家属强烈要求行内镜下切除,故拟行ESD。



全麻下,进镜入患儿胃内观察,胃底可见一大小约2.5 cm×2.5cm球形隆起,表面光滑,色泽与周围黏膜一致,顶端片状稍充血;使用一次性圈套器套住基底部,电凝切除,因基底较宽,改用 IT刀自基底部剥离,完整切除病变(图3),电切共计6次。基底部较多渗血,予以热活检钳钳夹止血,共计10次,创面无渗血。内镜下留置10号胃管,外固定30 cm,外接胃肠减压器,吸净胃内气体后退出内镜。取出肿物为囊性,囊壁破裂,囊液流出,标本大小约2.0 cm×2.0 cm,送病理。

手术过程顺利,整个手术时间不到20 min。术后予禁食,吸氧,心电、血氧监护,抑酸、止血、补液等治疗,患儿未出现腹痛、活动性出血等,术后24 h逐渐恢复饮食,恢复较好。

术后病理回报:胃壁中查见囊壁样组织,表面被覆柱状上皮,病理诊断:胃底重复畸形(图4)。4个月后患儿门诊复查胃镜提示创面愈合良好,病灶处无复发(图5)。



讨论

胃重复畸形多见于儿童和青少年,是一种相对比较罕见的先天性胃肠道重复畸形疾病,其病因目前尚不完全清楚,多数学者认为与原肠胚期发育异常有关。迄今为止,全世界报道的胃重复畸形患者100余例,我国仅见个别病例报道。胃重复畸形可分为管型和囊肿型,管型约占20%,与胃相通;囊肿型一般不与胃相通,约占80%。胃重复畸形可发生于胃腔内任意部位,但以胃大弯最为多见,其次为胃后壁及小弯侧,如发生于幽门,可引起幽门梗阻。胃重复畸形的诊断标准包括:(1)囊壁与胃壁相邻;(2)囊肿平滑肌与胃壁平滑肌相连续;(3)囊肿由消化道上皮覆盖。囊壁内层多为胃黏膜,可分泌胃酸、消化酶等,分泌液不断增加可引起囊腔不断增大,亦可继发消化性溃疡及出血。胃重复畸形临床表现多样,多无特异性,主要取决于囊肿的部位、大小、形状、与周围脏器关系以及是否合并并发症等,患者可出现上腹痛、恶心、呕吐、消化不良、黑便、贫血、营养不良等。本例患儿系胃底部重复畸形,囊肿大小约2.0 cm×2.0 cm,患儿未出现腹痛、腹胀、恶心、呕吐等临床表现,通过胎儿期产前超声检查发现胃腔内囊肿。

胃重复畸形严重可出现梗阻、穿孔、出血、远期癌变等并发症,因此应尽早手术切除。手术方式多主张尽可能完全剥离囊肿黏膜层。传统的外科手术虽能较直观、完整的切除病灶,但创伤大、费用高、并发症多,术后恢复较慢,特别对一些胃腔内体积较小的病灶,外科手术并不是一种最佳的治疗方案。ESD应用于胃重复畸形治疗国内外鲜有报道,且多为成人患者。检索文献发现,国内仅有2例报道胃镜下行ESD治疗胃重复畸形,且均为成人患者,分别为48岁男性和44岁男性。本例患者为5个月患儿,于胎儿期(母亲孕40周)在当地医院检查提示胃腔内囊肿,我院胃镜检查提示胃底黏膜隆起性病变,胃重复畸形可能,行ESD完整切除病灶。患儿年龄小,胃壁薄,为了避免出血和穿孔,应用IT刀自基底部剥离应谨慎操作,推荐热活检钳钳夹止血,止血效果好。本病例手术过程顺利,未出现大出血、穿孔等并发症,术后病理回报胃底重复畸形。此例可能为目前国内应用ESD治疗胃重复畸形年龄最小的患儿。

因此,对于小儿胃重复畸形,运用ESD可完整剥离病灶,且创伤小、恢复快,临床上值得推广。

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    2019-07-28 jyzxjiangqin

    内镜粘膜下剥离术治疗。

    0

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    2019-03-25 jyzxjiangqin

    内镜粘膜下剥离术治疗。

    0

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  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1809332, encodeId=57f91809332db, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5400833926d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胃重复畸形#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83392, encryptionId=5400833926d, topicName=胃重复畸形)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=hb2008ye, createdTime=Wed Jul 31 08:11:00 CST 2019, time=2019-07-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=370403, encodeId=2eca3e04034a, content=内镜粘膜下剥离术治疗。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160806/IMG57A5698BDB0244113.jpg, createdBy=32a91358059, createdName=jyzxjiangqin, createdTime=Sun Jul 28 12:04:04 CST 2019, time=2019-07-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=363530, encodeId=c7af363530ca, content=内镜粘膜下剥离术治疗。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160806/IMG57A5698BDB0244113.jpg, createdBy=32a91358059, createdName=jyzxjiangqin, createdTime=Mon Mar 25 18:08:08 CST 2019, time=2019-03-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1262070, encodeId=0a7512620e0f5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0ceb30545e0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#内镜#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=30545, encryptionId=0ceb30545e0, topicName=内镜)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c30265, createdName=jiafufeng@yaho, createdTime=Thu Mar 21 12:11:00 CST 2019, time=2019-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1362270, encodeId=c6b513622e0ed, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9857e03444b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#畸形#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=70344, encryptionId=9857e03444b, topicName=畸形)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=395f25, createdName=爆笑小医, createdTime=Thu Mar 21 12:11:00 CST 2019, time=2019-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1520025, encodeId=17c71520025be, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6ab11032506f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#黏膜#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=103250, encryptionId=6ab11032506f, topicName=黏膜)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=057f11309297, createdName=snowpeakxu, createdTime=Thu Mar 21 12:11:00 CST 2019, time=2019-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1615933, encodeId=d3b1161593362, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9dbd3059eeb' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#内镜黏膜下剥离术#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=30597, encryptionId=9dbd3059eeb, topicName=内镜黏膜下剥离术)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=90bc19698054, createdName=小几洁, createdTime=Thu Mar 21 12:11:00 CST 2019, time=2019-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=363220, encodeId=dd373632209b, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=82311653708, createdName=医者仁心5538, createdTime=Tue Mar 19 22:36:53 CST 2019, time=2019-03-19, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1809332, encodeId=57f91809332db, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5400833926d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胃重复畸形#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83392, encryptionId=5400833926d, topicName=胃重复畸形)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=hb2008ye, createdTime=Wed Jul 31 08:11:00 CST 2019, time=2019-07-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=370403, encodeId=2eca3e04034a, content=内镜粘膜下剥离术治疗。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160806/IMG57A5698BDB0244113.jpg, createdBy=32a91358059, createdName=jyzxjiangqin, createdTime=Sun Jul 28 12:04:04 CST 2019, time=2019-07-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=363530, encodeId=c7af363530ca, content=内镜粘膜下剥离术治疗。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160806/IMG57A5698BDB0244113.jpg, createdBy=32a91358059, createdName=jyzxjiangqin, createdTime=Mon Mar 25 18:08:08 CST 2019, time=2019-03-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1262070, encodeId=0a7512620e0f5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0ceb30545e0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#内镜#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=30545, encryptionId=0ceb30545e0, topicName=内镜)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c30265, createdName=jiafufeng@yaho, createdTime=Thu Mar 21 12:11:00 CST 2019, time=2019-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1362270, encodeId=c6b513622e0ed, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9857e03444b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#畸形#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=70344, encryptionId=9857e03444b, topicName=畸形)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=395f25, createdName=爆笑小医, createdTime=Thu Mar 21 12:11:00 CST 2019, time=2019-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1520025, encodeId=17c71520025be, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6ab11032506f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#黏膜#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=103250, encryptionId=6ab11032506f, topicName=黏膜)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=057f11309297, createdName=snowpeakxu, createdTime=Thu Mar 21 12:11:00 CST 2019, time=2019-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1615933, encodeId=d3b1161593362, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9dbd3059eeb' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#内镜黏膜下剥离术#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=30597, encryptionId=9dbd3059eeb, topicName=内镜黏膜下剥离术)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=90bc19698054, createdName=小几洁, createdTime=Thu Mar 21 12:11:00 CST 2019, time=2019-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=363220, encodeId=dd373632209b, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=82311653708, createdName=医者仁心5538, createdTime=Tue Mar 19 22:36:53 CST 2019, time=2019-03-19, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-03-21 snowpeakxu
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    2019-03-19 医者仁心5538

    学习了

    0

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四个经典病例与大家分享实性假乳头状瘤的超声内镜图像。

内镜图谱:幽门螺杆菌阴性胃癌内镜下特征

幽门螺杆菌(Hp)导致慢性胃炎,进而导致胃癌。在日本因为广泛的Hp根除治疗,Hp感染率逐步下降,在过去十年中,日本的胃癌死亡率以每年3%~4%的速度下降。另有研究表明,根除Hp可降低三分之一患者的异时性胃癌的发生。然而还有一些报告描述了Hp阴性胃癌(H. pylori-negative gastric cancers,HpNGC)的病例,其患病率约为0.42%~5.4%。请注意下图的A类风险人群(

Urology:各种内镜下前列腺剜除术的长期预后荟萃分析

过去20年的时间里,出现了多种经尿道内镜剜除技术(EEP),并且可作为开放性前列腺切除术(OP)和TURP手术的替代疗法。自从2016年有关男性非神经源性下尿路症状(LUTS)(包括良性前列腺梗阻BPO)治疗的EAU指南更新后,钬激光前列腺剜除术(HoLEP)和双极剜除术作为解剖性剜除,成为前列腺BPO的一线手术治疗方案。德国汉诺威的医生发表了一项EEP各种技术的荟萃研究,为大家展示了当前经尿道内

NEJM:内镜或开放静脉移植物采集对冠状动脉旁路移植术的影响

由此可见,在接受CABG的患者中,研究人员未发现开放性静脉移植物采集和内镜下静脉移植物采集对主要心脏不良事件风险的影响存在显著差异。