当心无药可医 警惕滥用抗菌药物致超级细菌

2018-02-11 帅才 新华社

记者从长沙市中心医院了解到,近日,医院收治的16岁少年王帅(化名)被诊断为超级细菌MRSA感染,双肺出现多个空洞,在呼吸疾病加强监护病房抢救15天后,脱离了生命危险。


记者从长沙市中心医院了解到,近日,医院收治的16岁少年王帅(化名)被诊断为超级细菌MRSA感染,双肺出现多个空洞,在呼吸疾病加强监护病房抢救15天后,脱离了生命危险。

据长沙市中心医院呼吸内科医生梁伟军介绍,超级细菌是指一些超级耐药的细菌。MRSA全称耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌,是一种难对付的超级细菌,它会破坏肺结构,且这种损伤是不可逆的。

梁伟军说,超级细菌攻击自身免疫功能差的人群,因感染超级细菌导致无药可医的情况增多,这和过多使用抗菌药物紧密相关。

长沙市中心医院药学部医生陈溪说,抗菌药物指治疗细菌、支原体、衣原体等病原微生物引起感染性疾病的药物,如经常使用的阿莫西林属于青霉素类,而头孢呋辛则属于头孢菌素类抗菌药物。大众对抗菌药物误用、滥用可能直接导致细菌耐药,甚至导致超级细菌的产生。

专家提醒,抗菌药物使用易陷三大误区:一是将抗菌药物等同于消炎药。陈溪说,炎症可分为感染性炎症和非感染性炎症。抗菌药物是通过杀灭或抑制细菌、真菌等,从而治疗感染引起的炎症;而日常生活中出现的局部红肿热痛、软组织炎症等通常并非由细菌或真菌导致,因此无需用抗菌药物。

二是认为抗菌药越“高级”越好,越多越好。正确选用抗菌药物,需要针对不同患者、不同基础情况、不同疾病以及合并症进行选择,对症下药。盲目选用“高级”的抗菌药物,得不偿失。有人认为同时应用多种抗菌药物可以广泛杀灭病原体,其实这样做不仅不能增加疗效,反而容易造成细菌耐药。

三是频繁换药。抗菌药物通常不会立即起效。很多人在使用一天后自觉疗效不明显,就立即自行换药,这也是错误的做法。频繁更换药物可能增加不良反应,易使细菌对多种药物耐药,最终导致无药可用。

 

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    2018-08-26 zchen
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    2018-02-13 lhlxtx
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    2018-02-11 131****1460

    学习了受益匪浅

    0

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    2018-02-11 葉夜

    如果一个抗菌药耐药率高.如果临床去使用.还有临床疗效吗?

    0

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