Small:纳米粒激活的肝仿生血液净化装置

2017-05-29 佚名 MaterialsViews

肝功能衰竭是临床上常见的致死性疾病,人工肝是治疗肝衰竭的重要手段,可通过体外装置暂时性替代肝脏功能,清除体内有毒物质,代偿肝脏生理功能,使得肝细胞得以再生直至自体肝脏恢复或等待机会进行肝移植。目前临床上常用的人工肝支持系统主要基于透析或静电吸附等原理,在清除毒素的同时往往也会清除血液的一些正常组分。纳米粒具有粒径小、可设计等优势,可用于选择性吸附毒素而不显着影响血液的正常组分,在血液净化中有很好的

肝功能衰竭是临床上常见的致死性疾病,人工肝是治疗肝衰竭的重要手段,可通过体外装置暂时性替代肝脏功能,清除体内有毒物质,代偿肝脏生理功能,使得肝细胞得以再生直至自体肝脏恢复或等待机会进行肝移植。目前临床上常用的人工肝支持系统主要基于透析或静电吸附等原理,在清除毒素的同时往往也会清除血液的一些正常组分。纳米粒具有粒径小、可设计等优势,可用于选择性吸附毒素而不显着影响血液的正常组分,在血液净化中有很好的应用前景;但是,如何利用纳米粒构建出高效的血液净化装置具有较大的技术难度。

肝脏是机体最重要的解毒器官,其解剖结构有助于肝细胞高效地清除血液中的有害物质,启发了人们对肝脏仿生结构的研究。利用脱细胞技术处理动物肝脏可获得保留了肝脏三维结构及复杂脉管网络的脱细胞肝脏支架,国际上已有尝试采用肝细胞再细胞化脱细胞肝脏支架技术构建组织工程肝。四川大学苟马玲与邓洪新教授课题组联合开发了一种采用纳米粒功能化脱细胞肝脏支架的新技术,将一种自组装的聚乙二炔(PDA)纳米粒化学连接到脱细胞肝脏支架的胶原纤维上,构建了一种新型肝仿生血液净化装置。穿孔毒素是自然界最常见的蛋白/多肽毒素之一,可通过在细胞膜上形成孔道改变细胞内外渗透压从而破坏细胞,是一些细菌感染或动物叮咬的毒力因子。PDA纳米粒具有囊泡结构和类似细胞膜的表面,可作为 “诱饵”捕获、中和各种穿孔毒素,还会在受到穿孔毒素攻击后发出红色荧光用于探测毒素。受穿孔毒素污染的血液经该仿生肝装置的“门静脉”灌注后从“下腔静脉”流出,血液中的毒素得到了有效的清除,而血液的正常组分如血小板、红细胞、白蛋白等均不受到显着性影响,提示该装置具有潜在的临床应用价值。

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    2017-05-31 膀胱癌
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    2017-05-31 江川靖瑶
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    2017-05-29 daiyaozu

    学习了,不错

    0

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    2017-05-29 忠诚向上

    好好努力学习

    0

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