二甲双胍再被发现新作用

2019-03-12 赛柏蓝综合 奇点网

二甲双胍再被发现新作用,与血红素联用或可治疗三阴乳腺癌。

二甲双胍靶向治疗三阴乳腺癌
 
近日,芝加哥大学的Marsha rich rosner博士带领的团队发现,二甲双胍与另一种老药血红素( panhematin)联用,可以靶向治疗严重威胁女性健康的三阴乳腺癌。
 
血红素是血红蛋白的主要成分,而血红蛋白又是血细胞的主要成分。以血红素为主要成分的药物——泛血红素,早已被批准用于治疗血红素合成缺乏症。
 
据奇点网评论,这个发现可能化解三阴乳腺癌没有靶向药的困境,造福于广大女性。 
 
并且有证据表明,这种治疗策略可能对肺癌、肾癌、子宫癌、前列腺癌和急性髓性白血病等多种癌症有效,相关研究发表在顶级期刊《自然》上。
 
基因泰克:治疗三阴乳腺癌疗法获批
 
乳腺癌是女性的恶梦,而三阴乳腺癌又是乳腺癌中最严重的类型。即使进行手术后,复发和转移的概率也很高。并且,三阴乳腺癌还主要发生在年轻女性(40岁以前)身上。 
 
巧合的是,据药明康德消息,日前,罗氏(Roche)旗下的基因泰克(Genentech)公司宣布,该公司抗PD-L1疗法Tecentriq获得FDA加速批准,与白蛋白紫杉醇联用,治疗无法切除的局部晚期或转移性三阴性乳腺癌成年患者。
 
报道指出,此前,尚未有任何免疫疗法获批治疗乳腺癌,这款组合疗法是第一款用于治疗乳腺癌的癌症免疫疗法。
 
不断被发现新的作用
 
说回二甲双胍,二甲双胍是一类治疗2型糖尿病的“权威”用药,在国内外多种治疗指南中被列为一线降糖药物。
 
该药有降糖作用确切,低血糖风险小,价格低廉等优点,是目前应用最为广范的甲类降糖药物之一。
 
过去一年,随着研究的不断深入,二甲双胍更多的临床作用被发掘,抗癌、解除免疫抑制、抗雾霾等。
 
以下是二甲双胍研究的新发现:
 
1、预防雾霾引起的炎症
 
研究结果显示,美国西北大学的Scott Budinger教授领导的团队在小鼠中证实,二甲双胍可以预防雾霾引起的炎症,阻止免疫细胞释放一种危险分子到血液中,抑制动脉血栓的形成,从而降低血管疾病的发病风险。
 
2、抗衰老作用
 
目前,美国食品和药物管理局是批准了“用二甲双胍对抗衰老”的临床试验,国外科学家之所以将二甲双胍作为抗衰老候选药物,可能是因为二甲双胍能增加向细胞中释放的氧分子数量,从道理上来说,这似乎能增加机体的强健程度并延长寿命。  
 
3、减肥作用
 
二甲双胍是一种能减肥的降糖药。其能增加胰岛素的敏感性,减少脂肪的合成。而对于很多2型糖友而言,体重的降低本身就是一件有利于血糖稳定控制的事。美国糖尿病预防计划(DPP)研究小组的一项研究显示,在非盲研究7年-8年的时间里,接受二甲双胍治疗的患者,体重平均减轻3.1千克。  
 
4、血管保护作用
 
二甲双胍具有心血管保护作用,是目前唯一被糖尿病指南推荐为有明确心血管获益证据的降糖药物。研究表明,二甲双胍的长期治疗与新诊断的2型糖尿病患者及已经发生了心血管疾病的2型糖尿病患者的心血管疾病发生风险下降显著相关。  
 
 
多囊卵巢综合征是一种以高雄激素血症、卵巢功能障碍、多囊卵巢形态为特征的异质性疾病,其发病机制不清,患者常存在不同程度的高胰岛素血症。研究表明,二甲双胍可通过减轻胰岛素抵抗,恢复其排卵功能,改善高雄激素血症。  
 
6、抗癌、抑制肿瘤作用
 
近年来,多项流行病学资料显示,二甲双胍还具有预防肿瘤,甚至治疗肿瘤的作用。肺癌是严重危害人类健康的疾病,其发病率高,病死率高,预后极差,86%的患者在确诊后5年内死亡。越来越多研究提示,二甲双胍可预防肺癌,改善肺癌患者预后。  
 
7、改善肠道菌群
 
有研究显示,二甲双胍能够恢复肠道菌群的比例,使其向有利于健康的方向转变。为肠道有益菌提供优势生存环境,从而起到降低血糖、正向调节免疫系统的作用。  
 
8、有望治疗部分自闭症
 
最近,麦吉尔大学的研究人员发现,二甲双胍可治疗某些形式自闭症的脆性X综合征,且该创新性研究发表在《自然》子刊《Nature Medicine》杂志上。目前,自闭症是科学家认为可以用二甲双胍治疗的许多医学病症之一。  
 
9、逆转肺纤维化  
 
美国阿拉巴马大学伯明翰分校的研究人员发现,在人类特发性肺纤维化患者和用博莱霉素引发的小鼠肺纤维化模型中,纤维化组织的AMPK活性降低,而且组织中抗拒细胞凋亡的肌成纤维细胞增多。  
 
在肌成纤维细胞中使用二甲双胍激活AMPK可以让这些细胞重新对细胞凋亡敏感。而且在小鼠模型中二甲双胍可以加快已经产生的纤维化组织的消融。这项研究表明二甲双胍或其它AMPK激动剂可以用于逆转已经产生的纤维化。  
 
10、协助戒烟 
 
宾夕法尼亚大学的研究人员发现,长期的尼古丁使用会导致AMPK信号通路的激活,而尼古丁戒断时AMPK信号通路会受到抑制。因此他们推断如果用药物激活AMPK信号通路就可能缓解戒断反应。  
 
二甲双胍是一种AMPK激动剂。当研究人员给产生尼古丁戒断反应的小鼠使用二甲双胍时,他们发现这可以缓解小鼠的戒断反应。他们的研究表明二甲双胍可以用于协助戒烟。  
 
11、抗炎作用 
 
此前,临床前研究及临床研究表明,二甲双胍不仅能通过改善诸如高血糖、胰岛素抵抗及致动脉粥样硬化的血脂异常的代谢参数来改善慢性炎症,而且有直接的抗炎作用。研究指出,二甲双胍能抑制炎症反应,主要是通过AMP活化蛋白激酶(AMPK)-依赖或非依赖方式抑制核转录因子?B (NF?B)。  
 
12、逆转认知障碍  
 
德州大学达拉斯分校的研究人员建立了一个模拟与疼痛相关的认知障碍的小鼠模型。他们利用这一模型对多种药物的疗效进行了检测。实验结果表明使用200毫克/公斤体重的二甲双胍治疗小鼠7天可以完全逆转因疼痛而产生的认知障碍。而治疗神经痛和癫痫的加巴喷丁却没有这样的疗效。这意味着二甲双胍可以老药新用,治疗神经痛患者的认知障碍。

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    2019-05-11 183****7028

    学习

    0

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    2019-04-06 zwjnj2

    好很好非常好文章

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1924141, encodeId=b25219241414d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=794d5803930' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新作用#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=46, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58039, encryptionId=794d5803930, topicName=新作用)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=24a22500182, createdName=1696533704_45270454, createdTime=Thu Aug 22 13:51:00 CST 2019, time=2019-08-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=366027, encodeId=f46e36602ec9, content=学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/iaAVWEsIJUkA1ITy3uL0lhHUhyaJibWgFtH4KbJuaLbY2WUK33jgCFyoZ8Eqx7eE7hCuZhytc1C5GRrfjVXN8lYg/0, createdBy=fcb82149579, createdName=183****7028, createdTime=Sat May 11 05:59:43 CST 2019, time=2019-05-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=364222, encodeId=1c683642220e, content=好很好非常好文章, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM6DGOvNrRdcib3UmzMgpEQpl0ENSJScphsFtdgfibXX1g1IuEYGCjP23UqCd52TxTpSZibtPiclyusaHicnNXd78alaia19Qy1nAFo18/0, createdBy=50381491660, createdName=zwjnj2, createdTime=Sat Apr 06 14:32:35 CST 2019, time=2019-04-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=362562, encodeId=63ab362562e9, content=瓦槽,流批!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=fa492540917, createdName=0251f9e7m, createdTime=Wed Mar 13 08:24:18 CST 2019, time=2019-03-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=362559, encodeId=ea4d36255925, content=***, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160127/IMG56A8B7AA463917185.jpg, createdBy=a8f81684045, createdName=医学僧9382, createdTime=Wed Mar 13 07:55:59 CST 2019, time=2019-03-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=362534, encodeId=1c6836253424, content=***, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a0c72365446, createdName=122e00f9m71暂无昵称, createdTime=Tue Mar 12 20:56:52 CST 2019, time=2019-03-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=362515, encodeId=666d362515cc, content=希望能治愈, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=15, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160718/IMG578C993D395567540.jpg, createdBy=59b81918946, createdName=flysky120, createdTime=Tue Mar 12 11:01:31 CST 2019, time=2019-03-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-03-13 0251f9e7m

    瓦槽,流批!

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1924141, encodeId=b25219241414d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=794d5803930' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新作用#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=46, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58039, encryptionId=794d5803930, topicName=新作用)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=24a22500182, createdName=1696533704_45270454, createdTime=Thu Aug 22 13:51:00 CST 2019, time=2019-08-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=366027, encodeId=f46e36602ec9, content=学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/iaAVWEsIJUkA1ITy3uL0lhHUhyaJibWgFtH4KbJuaLbY2WUK33jgCFyoZ8Eqx7eE7hCuZhytc1C5GRrfjVXN8lYg/0, createdBy=fcb82149579, createdName=183****7028, createdTime=Sat May 11 05:59:43 CST 2019, time=2019-05-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=364222, encodeId=1c683642220e, content=好很好非常好文章, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM6DGOvNrRdcib3UmzMgpEQpl0ENSJScphsFtdgfibXX1g1IuEYGCjP23UqCd52TxTpSZibtPiclyusaHicnNXd78alaia19Qy1nAFo18/0, createdBy=50381491660, createdName=zwjnj2, createdTime=Sat Apr 06 14:32:35 CST 2019, time=2019-04-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=362562, encodeId=63ab362562e9, content=瓦槽,流批!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=fa492540917, createdName=0251f9e7m, createdTime=Wed Mar 13 08:24:18 CST 2019, time=2019-03-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=362559, encodeId=ea4d36255925, content=***, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160127/IMG56A8B7AA463917185.jpg, createdBy=a8f81684045, createdName=医学僧9382, createdTime=Wed Mar 13 07:55:59 CST 2019, time=2019-03-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=362534, encodeId=1c6836253424, content=***, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a0c72365446, createdName=122e00f9m71暂无昵称, createdTime=Tue Mar 12 20:56:52 CST 2019, time=2019-03-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=362515, encodeId=666d362515cc, content=希望能治愈, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=15, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160718/IMG578C993D395567540.jpg, createdBy=59b81918946, createdName=flysky120, createdTime=Tue Mar 12 11:01:31 CST 2019, time=2019-03-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-03-13 医学僧9382

    ***

    0

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    2019-03-12 122e00f9m71暂无昵称

    ***

    0

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    2019-03-12 flysky120

    希望能治愈

    0

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