Sci Transl Med:胎儿免疫系统“提前启动”引发早产?Science子刊新研究颠覆旧识

2018-04-27 Flora 生物探索

早产是一种常见的妊娠并发症,也是造成新生儿死亡的主要原因。但是为什么会早产?这一直是个谜。现在,科学家们提出了一种新观点:胎儿的免疫系统“觉醒”过早,容易排斥母体,从而导致提前出生。

早产是一种常见的妊娠并发症,也是造成新生儿死亡的主要原因。但是为什么会早产?这一直是个谜。现在,科学家们提出了一种新观点:胎儿的免疫系统“觉醒”过早,容易排斥母体,从而导致提前出生。

4月25日,《Science Translational Medicine》发表了这一最新研究,来自于加州大学旧金山分校的科学家们发现,胎儿的免疫系统之所以会提早启动源于一系列“错误的指令”——母亲感染容易引发炎症从而刺激胎儿免疫机制,胎儿的免疫系统错将来源于母亲的细胞视作“入侵者”,从而生成对抗的炎症化合物。这些化合物会引发子宫收缩,导致早产的发生。DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aan2263

1颠覆旧识

这一最新结论颠覆了过去关于胎儿免疫系统“不成熟”、“不活跃”、“没有功能”的认知。文章通讯作者、加州大学旧金山分校儿童外科和胎儿治疗中心的副教授Tippi MacKenzie表示:“我们发现,在早产的患者中,由于某种感染或者炎症(最常见的早产原因),胎儿系统过早地启动,从而增加早产的风险。”

正常情况下,怀孕期间,来源于母亲的细胞和胎儿细胞在胎盘之间来回穿梭。类似于器官移植,母亲和胎儿的免疫系统是相互包容的,以确保胎儿不会被排斥。这种耐受性由调节性T细胞(Tregs)控制,Tregs负责维持其他类型的T细胞、抑制免疫系统。

“怀孕期间,胎儿与母体的免疫耐受是双向的。除了母亲容忍胎儿的之外,胎儿同样需要忍受母亲的——这一部分事实却一直被忽视。”研究人员解释道。在最新研究中,他们意外发现,早产胎儿的免疫细胞会被激活,并会反过来攻击母体细胞。

2胎儿免疫系统“过早激活”

Tippi MacKenzie团队招募了89位正常妊娠的女性、70名早产患者,在她们分娩之后分别采集了所有产妇的血液样本,以及新生儿的脐带血。结果显示,母亲的血液中并没有任何免疫反应的迹象。相反,在早产儿的脐带血中发现了两种激活状态的免疫细胞。此外,早产儿的脐带血中循环有大量来源于母亲的细胞。

两种被提前激活的免疫细胞分别是树突状细胞和效应T细胞。其中,树突状细胞是机体功能最强的专职抗原递呈细胞,负责向T细胞传递危险信号,而效应T细胞则会通过释放细胞因子发动攻击。

相比于正常新生儿,早产儿体内T细胞释放的炎症化合物、肿瘤坏死因子α、干扰素水平相对更高。在子宫收缩(uterine contraction)的实验模型中,研究人员发现,这些化合物能够促进子宫细胞的收缩。

有意思的是,早产儿母亲的T细胞对于胎儿抗原的反应远远低于宝宝T细胞对于母亲的反应。这意味着,这种导致早产的不耐受主要是由胎儿免疫系统驱动的。

3阻止宫缩或许“迟了”

“胎儿需要在健康的环境中发育成长,包括他们的免疫系统,以确保在正常的时间内出生。但是一旦发生感染或者炎症,树突状细胞和效应T细胞会被激活。”文章一作、马萨诸塞大学医学院助理教授Michela Frascoli博士解释道,“最终,胎儿免疫系统可能会启动一种防御机制,希望离开充满敌意的子宫环境。”

通常用于治疗早产的药物只是为了阻止子宫收缩。可Tippi MacKenzie团队认为,那时候已经迟了。“胎儿的免疫激活现象可能在子宫收缩的几星期前就发生了。这才是我们真正需要做的诊断和治疗。” Tippi MacKenzie强调道。她正带领团队研究母亲血液中的生物标志物,试图找到明确胎儿免疫系统是否被激活的关键分子。

原始出处:
Michela Frascoli, Lacy Coniglio, Russell Witt, et al.Alloreactive fetal T cells promote uterine contractility in preterm labor via IFN-γ and TNF-α.Science Translational Medicine  25 Apr 2018:Vol. 10, Issue 438, eaan2263DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aan2263

版权声明:
本网站所有内容来源注明为“梅斯医学”或“MedSci原创”的文字、图片和音视频资料,版权均属于梅斯医学所有。非经授权,任何媒体、网站或个人不得转载,授权转载时须注明来源为“梅斯医学”。其它来源的文章系转载文章,或“梅斯号”自媒体发布的文章,仅系出于传递更多信息之目的,本站仅负责审核内容合规,其内容不代表本站立场,本站不负责内容的准确性和版权。如果存在侵权、或不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系,我们将立即进行删除处理。
在此留言
评论区 (5)
#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2067343, encodeId=3dd7206e343cb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d0841e75535' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Transl#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=10, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17755, encryptionId=d0841e75535, topicName=Transl)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/101173734/363C99735735B7F4CB11D5F78F580525/100, createdBy=aab22500211, createdName=ms3025846204744509, createdTime=Wed Nov 14 02:29:00 CST 2018, time=2018-11-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1656998, encodeId=ab5b16569985f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3ca31e71903' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#TRA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=12, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17719, encryptionId=3ca31e71903, topicName=TRA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=757b24868428, createdName=bsmagic9140, createdTime=Tue Jul 03 17:29:00 CST 2018, time=2018-07-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375808, encodeId=fbfd13e580887, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=13, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Sun Apr 29 01:29:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1608781, encodeId=efc31608e81e2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb6b1145939' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=18, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8e886, createdName=仁者大医, createdTime=Sun Apr 29 01:29:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=309780, encodeId=9ded309e804d, content=学习了.谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220115/46bcf39c32de4aa6b45c5f9d66c8ee77/6cb4a20c55bb4b7691122f47747bfca2.jpg, createdBy=9dad1662329, createdName=1ddf0692m34(暂无匿称), createdTime=Fri Apr 27 12:06:45 CST 2018, time=2018-04-27, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2067343, encodeId=3dd7206e343cb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d0841e75535' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Transl#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=10, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17755, encryptionId=d0841e75535, topicName=Transl)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/101173734/363C99735735B7F4CB11D5F78F580525/100, createdBy=aab22500211, createdName=ms3025846204744509, createdTime=Wed Nov 14 02:29:00 CST 2018, time=2018-11-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1656998, encodeId=ab5b16569985f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3ca31e71903' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#TRA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=12, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17719, encryptionId=3ca31e71903, topicName=TRA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=757b24868428, createdName=bsmagic9140, createdTime=Tue Jul 03 17:29:00 CST 2018, time=2018-07-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375808, encodeId=fbfd13e580887, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=13, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Sun Apr 29 01:29:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1608781, encodeId=efc31608e81e2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb6b1145939' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=18, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8e886, createdName=仁者大医, createdTime=Sun Apr 29 01:29:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=309780, encodeId=9ded309e804d, content=学习了.谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220115/46bcf39c32de4aa6b45c5f9d66c8ee77/6cb4a20c55bb4b7691122f47747bfca2.jpg, createdBy=9dad1662329, createdName=1ddf0692m34(暂无匿称), createdTime=Fri Apr 27 12:06:45 CST 2018, time=2018-04-27, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-07-03 bsmagic9140
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2067343, encodeId=3dd7206e343cb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d0841e75535' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Transl#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=10, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17755, encryptionId=d0841e75535, topicName=Transl)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/101173734/363C99735735B7F4CB11D5F78F580525/100, createdBy=aab22500211, createdName=ms3025846204744509, createdTime=Wed Nov 14 02:29:00 CST 2018, time=2018-11-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1656998, encodeId=ab5b16569985f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3ca31e71903' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#TRA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=12, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17719, encryptionId=3ca31e71903, topicName=TRA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=757b24868428, createdName=bsmagic9140, createdTime=Tue Jul 03 17:29:00 CST 2018, time=2018-07-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375808, encodeId=fbfd13e580887, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=13, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Sun Apr 29 01:29:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1608781, encodeId=efc31608e81e2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb6b1145939' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=18, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8e886, createdName=仁者大医, createdTime=Sun Apr 29 01:29:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=309780, encodeId=9ded309e804d, content=学习了.谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220115/46bcf39c32de4aa6b45c5f9d66c8ee77/6cb4a20c55bb4b7691122f47747bfca2.jpg, createdBy=9dad1662329, createdName=1ddf0692m34(暂无匿称), createdTime=Fri Apr 27 12:06:45 CST 2018, time=2018-04-27, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-04-29 jichang
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2067343, encodeId=3dd7206e343cb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d0841e75535' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Transl#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=10, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17755, encryptionId=d0841e75535, topicName=Transl)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/101173734/363C99735735B7F4CB11D5F78F580525/100, createdBy=aab22500211, createdName=ms3025846204744509, createdTime=Wed Nov 14 02:29:00 CST 2018, time=2018-11-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1656998, encodeId=ab5b16569985f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3ca31e71903' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#TRA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=12, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17719, encryptionId=3ca31e71903, topicName=TRA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=757b24868428, createdName=bsmagic9140, createdTime=Tue Jul 03 17:29:00 CST 2018, time=2018-07-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375808, encodeId=fbfd13e580887, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=13, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Sun Apr 29 01:29:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1608781, encodeId=efc31608e81e2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb6b1145939' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=18, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8e886, createdName=仁者大医, createdTime=Sun Apr 29 01:29:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=309780, encodeId=9ded309e804d, content=学习了.谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220115/46bcf39c32de4aa6b45c5f9d66c8ee77/6cb4a20c55bb4b7691122f47747bfca2.jpg, createdBy=9dad1662329, createdName=1ddf0692m34(暂无匿称), createdTime=Fri Apr 27 12:06:45 CST 2018, time=2018-04-27, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-04-29 仁者大医
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2067343, encodeId=3dd7206e343cb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d0841e75535' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Transl#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=10, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17755, encryptionId=d0841e75535, topicName=Transl)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/101173734/363C99735735B7F4CB11D5F78F580525/100, createdBy=aab22500211, createdName=ms3025846204744509, createdTime=Wed Nov 14 02:29:00 CST 2018, time=2018-11-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1656998, encodeId=ab5b16569985f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3ca31e71903' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#TRA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=12, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17719, encryptionId=3ca31e71903, topicName=TRA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=757b24868428, createdName=bsmagic9140, createdTime=Tue Jul 03 17:29:00 CST 2018, time=2018-07-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375808, encodeId=fbfd13e580887, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=13, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Sun Apr 29 01:29:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1608781, encodeId=efc31608e81e2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb6b1145939' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=18, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8e886, createdName=仁者大医, createdTime=Sun Apr 29 01:29:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=309780, encodeId=9ded309e804d, content=学习了.谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220115/46bcf39c32de4aa6b45c5f9d66c8ee77/6cb4a20c55bb4b7691122f47747bfca2.jpg, createdBy=9dad1662329, createdName=1ddf0692m34(暂无匿称), createdTime=Fri Apr 27 12:06:45 CST 2018, time=2018-04-27, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-04-27 1ddf0692m34(暂无匿称)

    学习了.谢谢分享

    0