NATURE新闻:数据公开后的烦恼,20篇论文可能被人抢发!

2017-04-03 佚名 Nature自然科研

一家知名医学期刊举办了一场竞赛,邀请科学家对一项有关血压的关键性临床研究的数据展开分析,探索新发现。来自全球各地的数百位研究者竞相报名参加。


原文以Open-data contest unearths scientific gems — and controversy为标题发布在2017年3月8日的《自然》新闻上。

原文作者:Heidi Ledford

成百上千的研究人员使用了一项大型血压研究的临床试验数据,这让数据收集者感到担忧。

一家知名医学期刊举办了一场竞赛,邀请科学家对一项有关血压的关键性临床研究的数据展开分析,探索新发现。来自全球各地的数百位研究者竞相报名参加。

这项竞赛由《新英格兰医学期刊》赞助,为科学家提供了获得详细试验数据的少有机会。这些数据原本还有一年的产权保护期——甚至有可能会处于无限期的保护中。竞赛获奖者公布于3月7日公布,但这项竞赛也揭示出了加速数据获取与保护数据收集者权益之间存在的冲突。

竞赛所使用的数据来自美国凯斯西储大学的药理学家Jackson Wright花费十年时间设计开展的一项血压试验。这项具有里程碑意义的研究主要受美国国立卫生研究院(NIH)资助,它揭示了将血压降至常规标准以下的意外益处,有望改变对数百万病患的治疗方法。

在试验过程中,Wright团队逐渐扩大,包括了来自102家机构的研究者。2015年末,他们在《新英格兰医学期刊》上发表了初步研究结果。2016年11月,NIH和《新英格兰医学期刊》将试验所得数据向竞赛开放;Wright说,研究人员在这个决定中并没有发言权,因为试验是与NIH签订合约开展的。

现在,Wright团队原本计划发表的60篇论文有三分之一面临被抢发的危险。“我认为,如果这种情况在未来将会成为常态,那么研究人员从事这类试验的积极性就会急剧下降,”他说,“这样的试验需要投入大量的时间。”

但另一些人赞成尽可能快地公开试验数据。他们认为,这样做能为大范围的补充分析创造机会,加快分析步伐,带来临床上的重要启发。“临床试验数据极其宝贵,但是一般都是保密的,”Sandosh Padmanabhan说。他在英国格拉斯哥大学研究血管基因组学,也参加了这次竞赛。“每一个进行临床试验的人都应该开放自己的数据,供所有人使用。”

加速向前

Wright开展的收缩压干预试验(SPRINT)研究了9361位患有高血压、且血管疾病风险较高的患者。

试验目的是研究将收缩压正常上限定在140mmHg有哪些好处——或者坏处。约一半的被试接受了以140mmHg为上限的标准疗法;另外一半接受了强化治疗,目标是使他们的血压降至120mmHg以下。

SPRINT从2010年开始招募试验患者,于2015年8月停止。当时的中期分析显示,接受强化治疗的患者死于心血管疾病(如心脏病或中风)的可能性比接受标准治疗的患者低43%。三个月后,SPRINT的研究人员在《新英格兰医学期刊》上发表了他们的结果。

虽然SPRINT试验的血压干预措施停止了,但团队直到2016年7月都仍在收集数据,而且目前还在验证这些数据,以开展最终阶段的分析。

Wright说,SPRINT的研究人员预计在收集到最终数据后,还需要两年时间来展开分析。但在2016年11月,NIH和《新英格兰医学期刊》将这些数据公开用于竞赛。

Wright担心,成百上千的研究者正在分析这些数据,而SPRINT团队的成员却仍然忙于试验收尾工作。“那些完全没有参与试验的人可以比我们更快地发表成果,”他说,“对于SPRINT的研究人员而言,投资回报无疑大打折扣。”

数据狂潮

以色列克莱丽特研究所的首席数据官Noa Dagan带领的团队在竞赛中拔得头筹。他们使用这些数据开发出了一个程序,帮助临床医师根据患者的年龄、性别和其它参数,确定他们接受强化血压治疗的风险。

名列第二的是由波士顿大学医学院的学生组成的一支团队,他们研究的是血压治疗对慢性肾病患者的影响。这是一个受到格外关注的问题,因为人们认为强化血压疗法会给肾脏带来负担。

进入竞赛最后阶段的143名参赛者展开了大范围的分析。Padmanabhan研究的问题是结合使用四种以上降压药物的患者是否面临更高的死亡风险;结果发现,这种可能性是存在的。他说,已经有临床医师写信给他,告诉他这项分析影响了他们治疗患者的方式。

《新英格兰医学期刊》总编Jeffrey Drazen表示,竞赛中提交的所有分析都应被视为初步研究。他说,这些研究产生了有待检验的新假设,但它们使用的是较早且不完整的数据集。他补充表示,有鉴于此,SPRINT团队以最终数据为基础进行的分析并不完全面临抢发风险。

“我非常感激SPRINT团队,”Drazen说,“他们激发了许多精彩的观点。”


NATURE NEWS.08 March 2017


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    2017-05-14 130****4638

    大数据时代,必然有新的问题和机遇出现。

    0

  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=198030, encodeId=5ec3198030cb, content=大数据时代,必然有新的问题和机遇出现。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=00501987275, createdName=130****4638, createdTime=Sun May 14 15:14:52 CST 2017, time=2017-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1881845, encodeId=1e7518818452a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Thu Jan 04 07:10:00 CST 2018, time=2018-01-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=185388, encodeId=3ab4185388c3, content=文章不错,值得分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzdAIB7UwTkHt6fQkBP8ictliaXtc5gCUmYdAW1sAETC2nhO3q6YjRHkUibyOCtP8ibmXNObTyd63A076/0, createdBy=d4111948983, createdName=1e10c84am36(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed Apr 05 21:54:28 CST 2017, time=2017-04-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=185019, encodeId=91a218501916, content=学习了谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c0a61971598, createdName=往日如昨, createdTime=Tue Apr 04 06:56:47 CST 2017, time=2017-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=185015, encodeId=e8ba185015c9, content=不错的方式,努力学习,刻苦专研,不断总结出来新经验。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7s7ZCKOmmbBTD6nE7gcd5OZpvyGEzkxBP3S275k5ZJVrsPkotZhBglRHM9rKvcj1OgkssqhcnoPw8zIaMZTF8c/0, createdBy=4c441942088, createdName=ylzr123, createdTime=Tue Apr 04 06:44:03 CST 2017, time=2017-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=184937, encodeId=2ce918493ea0, content=有道理啊,但怎么解决呢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20161019/IMG580762DBECE003340.jpg, createdBy=93fe1431842, createdName=FrankL, createdTime=Mon Apr 03 22:36:42 CST 2017, time=2017-04-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=184933, encodeId=930d184933b8, content=太无耻了,只能说, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/udqvoAsWtvRVficPKOpMh4M31O9bJ8jMiaUHAheeNpIqMapC8mUnBWfEskrcVjofbicWU4icRD6vFvVeEYlPmSbXELickazEGVFYO/0, createdBy=24741603767, createdName=医艺依意, createdTime=Mon Apr 03 22:05:18 CST 2017, time=2017-04-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-01-04 liye789132251
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    2017-04-05 1e10c84am36(暂无匿称)

    文章不错,值得分享

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=198030, encodeId=5ec3198030cb, content=大数据时代,必然有新的问题和机遇出现。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=00501987275, createdName=130****4638, createdTime=Sun May 14 15:14:52 CST 2017, time=2017-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1881845, encodeId=1e7518818452a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Thu Jan 04 07:10:00 CST 2018, time=2018-01-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=185388, encodeId=3ab4185388c3, content=文章不错,值得分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzdAIB7UwTkHt6fQkBP8ictliaXtc5gCUmYdAW1sAETC2nhO3q6YjRHkUibyOCtP8ibmXNObTyd63A076/0, createdBy=d4111948983, createdName=1e10c84am36(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed Apr 05 21:54:28 CST 2017, time=2017-04-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=185019, encodeId=91a218501916, content=学习了谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c0a61971598, createdName=往日如昨, createdTime=Tue Apr 04 06:56:47 CST 2017, time=2017-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=185015, encodeId=e8ba185015c9, content=不错的方式,努力学习,刻苦专研,不断总结出来新经验。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7s7ZCKOmmbBTD6nE7gcd5OZpvyGEzkxBP3S275k5ZJVrsPkotZhBglRHM9rKvcj1OgkssqhcnoPw8zIaMZTF8c/0, createdBy=4c441942088, createdName=ylzr123, createdTime=Tue Apr 04 06:44:03 CST 2017, time=2017-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=184937, encodeId=2ce918493ea0, content=有道理啊,但怎么解决呢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20161019/IMG580762DBECE003340.jpg, createdBy=93fe1431842, createdName=FrankL, createdTime=Mon Apr 03 22:36:42 CST 2017, time=2017-04-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=184933, encodeId=930d184933b8, content=太无耻了,只能说, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/udqvoAsWtvRVficPKOpMh4M31O9bJ8jMiaUHAheeNpIqMapC8mUnBWfEskrcVjofbicWU4icRD6vFvVeEYlPmSbXELickazEGVFYO/0, createdBy=24741603767, createdName=医艺依意, createdTime=Mon Apr 03 22:05:18 CST 2017, time=2017-04-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-04-04 往日如昨

    学习了谢谢分享

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=198030, encodeId=5ec3198030cb, content=大数据时代,必然有新的问题和机遇出现。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=00501987275, createdName=130****4638, createdTime=Sun May 14 15:14:52 CST 2017, time=2017-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1881845, encodeId=1e7518818452a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Thu Jan 04 07:10:00 CST 2018, time=2018-01-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=185388, encodeId=3ab4185388c3, content=文章不错,值得分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzdAIB7UwTkHt6fQkBP8ictliaXtc5gCUmYdAW1sAETC2nhO3q6YjRHkUibyOCtP8ibmXNObTyd63A076/0, createdBy=d4111948983, createdName=1e10c84am36(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed Apr 05 21:54:28 CST 2017, time=2017-04-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=185019, encodeId=91a218501916, content=学习了谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c0a61971598, createdName=往日如昨, createdTime=Tue Apr 04 06:56:47 CST 2017, time=2017-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=185015, encodeId=e8ba185015c9, content=不错的方式,努力学习,刻苦专研,不断总结出来新经验。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7s7ZCKOmmbBTD6nE7gcd5OZpvyGEzkxBP3S275k5ZJVrsPkotZhBglRHM9rKvcj1OgkssqhcnoPw8zIaMZTF8c/0, createdBy=4c441942088, createdName=ylzr123, createdTime=Tue Apr 04 06:44:03 CST 2017, time=2017-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=184937, encodeId=2ce918493ea0, content=有道理啊,但怎么解决呢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20161019/IMG580762DBECE003340.jpg, createdBy=93fe1431842, createdName=FrankL, createdTime=Mon Apr 03 22:36:42 CST 2017, time=2017-04-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=184933, encodeId=930d184933b8, content=太无耻了,只能说, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/udqvoAsWtvRVficPKOpMh4M31O9bJ8jMiaUHAheeNpIqMapC8mUnBWfEskrcVjofbicWU4icRD6vFvVeEYlPmSbXELickazEGVFYO/0, createdBy=24741603767, createdName=医艺依意, createdTime=Mon Apr 03 22:05:18 CST 2017, time=2017-04-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-04-04 ylzr123

    不错的方式,努力学习,刻苦专研,不断总结出来新经验。

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=198030, encodeId=5ec3198030cb, content=大数据时代,必然有新的问题和机遇出现。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=00501987275, createdName=130****4638, createdTime=Sun May 14 15:14:52 CST 2017, time=2017-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1881845, encodeId=1e7518818452a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Thu Jan 04 07:10:00 CST 2018, time=2018-01-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=185388, encodeId=3ab4185388c3, content=文章不错,值得分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzdAIB7UwTkHt6fQkBP8ictliaXtc5gCUmYdAW1sAETC2nhO3q6YjRHkUibyOCtP8ibmXNObTyd63A076/0, createdBy=d4111948983, createdName=1e10c84am36(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed Apr 05 21:54:28 CST 2017, time=2017-04-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=185019, encodeId=91a218501916, content=学习了谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c0a61971598, createdName=往日如昨, createdTime=Tue Apr 04 06:56:47 CST 2017, time=2017-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=185015, encodeId=e8ba185015c9, content=不错的方式,努力学习,刻苦专研,不断总结出来新经验。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7s7ZCKOmmbBTD6nE7gcd5OZpvyGEzkxBP3S275k5ZJVrsPkotZhBglRHM9rKvcj1OgkssqhcnoPw8zIaMZTF8c/0, createdBy=4c441942088, createdName=ylzr123, createdTime=Tue Apr 04 06:44:03 CST 2017, time=2017-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=184937, encodeId=2ce918493ea0, content=有道理啊,但怎么解决呢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20161019/IMG580762DBECE003340.jpg, createdBy=93fe1431842, createdName=FrankL, createdTime=Mon Apr 03 22:36:42 CST 2017, time=2017-04-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=184933, encodeId=930d184933b8, content=太无耻了,只能说, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/udqvoAsWtvRVficPKOpMh4M31O9bJ8jMiaUHAheeNpIqMapC8mUnBWfEskrcVjofbicWU4icRD6vFvVeEYlPmSbXELickazEGVFYO/0, createdBy=24741603767, createdName=医艺依意, createdTime=Mon Apr 03 22:05:18 CST 2017, time=2017-04-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-04-03 FrankL

    有道理啊,但怎么解决呢

    0

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    2017-04-03 医艺依意

    太无耻了,只能说

    0

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