Front Neurosci:抗抑郁药物为什么无效?揭开抑郁症真正病因及治疗手段

2018-08-15 小通 生物通

新研究表明线粒体可能是抑郁的根源,这将成为改善抑郁症治疗的一个新机遇。

新研究表明线粒体可能是抑郁的根源,这将成为改善抑郁症治疗的一个新机遇。

新发表的一篇《Frontiers in Neuroscience》文章指出,一个有关抑郁症的新领域研究表明,线粒体功能障碍可能会导致抑郁症。

抑郁症是一种高度流行的疾病,受影响人群占总人口20%。普遍观点认为,病因在于大脑化学物质失衡,实际导致抑郁症的具体生物学机制尚不明确。

“直到现在,大多数关于抑郁症的生物学理论主要集中在5-羟色胺等神经递质失衡,”加拿大维多利亚大学学者Lisa E. Kalynchuk博士说。“抗抑郁药物几乎能立即增加血清素水平,但是药效却需要数星期才能体现,这表明,血清素可能不是抑郁症的根源。”

市面上大多数抗抑郁症药物实际上跟50多年前开发的没有任何区别,除了症状缓解效果延迟、大约只对一半患者有用,往往还有不良副作用。

认识有效抑郁症治疗新方法非常必要,在此之前,首先科学家们需要了解抑郁症的细胞原理。

“尽管抑郁症研究很多,但是导致抑郁症的生物学变化研究还不充分,”Kalynchuk解释。

在新研究中,他们聚焦脑细胞的“线粒体”,这些细胞器是细胞能量的主要来源,也有助于调节大脑功能。

“动物模型显示,抑郁症与海马新生细胞减少有关,海马是成年人大脑调节情绪、认知和压力的主要区域,”Kalynchuk说。“所以,人们推测抑郁症是新生细胞不足引起的,但这个理论并不能解释所有研究成果,因为,缺乏这一特征,抑郁症状也时有发生。”

“新陈代谢需要大量能量,我们怀疑为细胞供能的线粒体才是抑郁症的根本原因。”线粒体功能障碍可导致一连串抑郁影响,这一思想为以规范线粒体功能为基础的抗抑郁新药开发提供了机遇。“这将是一个全新的领域,”Kalynchuk说。“我们还需要时间进行充分发掘。”

生物通曾报道过“游泳和短暂禁食能促进线粒体的健康年轻化”,并且有研究表明运动可以减轻抑郁情绪。虽然基于线粒体的抑郁症治疗药物还没有问世,在此之前,合理饮食和规律运动也许是解决现代人焦虑和抑郁等情绪的最佳解决方案。

原始出处:Allen J1, Romay-Tallon R1, Brymer KJ2, et al. Mitochondria and Mood: Mitochondrial Dysfunction as a Key Player in the Manifestation of Depression. Front Neurosci. 2018 Jun 6;12:386. 

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    2018-11-09 wetgdt
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    2018-08-17 lsndxfj
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    2018-08-16 liumin1987

    抑郁的病因和治疗。

    0

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