长期服用镇痛药或可增加听力丧失风险

2017-02-21 白雪 中华医学信息导报

近日,美国研究者发表的一篇前瞻性分析显示,长期使用包括非甾体类抗炎药(NSAIDs)或对乙酰氨基酚在内的镇痛药可增加老年女性听力丧失风险,而阿司匹林则未见类似的风险。(Am J Epidemiol. 2016年12月在线版)


近日,美国研究者发表的一篇前瞻性分析显示,长期使用包括非甾体类抗炎药(NSAIDs)或对乙酰氨基酚在内的镇痛药可增加老年女性听力丧失风险,而阿司匹林则未见类似的风险。(Am J Epidemiol. 2016年12月在线版)

研究纳入来了55850例年龄在44~69岁的女性参试数据,并排除了研究开始前便出现听力损失、曾接受肿瘤化疗(黑色素瘤除外)的患者。研究人员于1990年就阿司匹林、对乙酰氨基酚、NSAIDs的使用进行问卷调查,于2012年再次进行问卷调查,并增加了关于听力丧失和发病时间的相关问题。

研究发现,与使用时间不到1年者相比,使用NSAIDs和对乙酰氨基酚超过6年者的相对风险率(RR)分别为1.10(95%CI1.06~1.15,P<0.001)和1.09(95%CI1.04~1.14,P<0.001)。而使用阿司匹林者则没有这种差别(RR=1.01,95%CI0.97~1.05,P=0.35)。并且这种区别在调整腰围和体质量指数后及排除有耳鸣病史后依然存在。

同样,每周使用NSAIDs天数≥2d,与每周使用<2d相比,听力丧失与之相关(RR=1.07,95%CI1.01~1.13),定期使用对乙酰氨基酚或多镇痛药物联合应用也可见相似结果(RR=1.19,95%CI1.08~1.32),而定期单独使用阿斯匹林则与听力丧失无关(RR=1.01,95%CI0.98~1.05)。

研究人员认为,镇痛药可能影响听觉功能的机制包括损害外毛细胞功能,减少耳蜗血管供应和抑制环氧合酶。而对乙酰氨基酚可以使耳蜗更容易受到噪声诱导的损伤,并且在动物模型中已有证据表明对乙酰氨基酚和其代谢物可能通过氧化应激机制引起耳毒性。

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    2017-02-23 ysjykql
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    2017-02-23 zhaojie88
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