New Engl J of Med :空气污染与过早死亡的关系!

2017-06-29 佚名 来宝网

美国6000多万美国人的新研究 - 约97%的65岁及以上的人 - 表明长期接触空气中的细颗粒物质(PM2.5)和臭氧会增加过早死亡的风险,即使曝光水平低于美国环境保护署目前建立的“国家环境空气质量标准”(NAAQS)。

美国6000多万美国人的新研究 - 约97%的65岁及以上的人 - 表明长期接触空气中的细颗粒物质(PM2.5)和臭氧会增加过早死亡的风险,即使曝光水平低于美国环境保护署目前建立的“国家环境空气质量标准”(NAAQS)。

哈佛大学Chan公共卫生学院的研究人员发现,与全国平均水平相比,男性,黑人和低收入人群的PM2.5暴露风险估计值较高,黑人死亡率风险高于全国平均水平三倍。

结果表明,如果PM2.5的水平在全国范围内可以降低1微克每立方米(ug / m3),那么每年可以挽救约12,000人次的生命。同样,如果臭氧水平在全国范围内只下降百万分之一(ppb),那么每年可以挽救约一千九百人的生命。

该研究将于2017年6月29日发行的“新英格兰医学杂志”上发表。

“这是研究人口庞大的前所未有的统计权力研究,这些研究结果表明,降低细粒度物质的NAAQS将会产生重要的公共卫生益处,特别是在少数民族和低收入人群中, ”这项研究的首席研究员Francesca Dominici和哈佛大学生物统计学教授,哈佛数据科学计划联合主任说道。

研究人员在七年内检查了6000万美国人65岁以上的医疗保险索赔记录,代表了4.6亿人的后续行动。他们还估计整个美国每1公里电网的空气污染水平可以覆盖和解释索赔数据。

为了做到这一点,哈佛大学的研究人员利用了由博士生钱迪和Joel Schwartz,环境流行病学教授和研究资深作者开发的暴露预测模型。暴露预测模型利用基于卫星的测量和空气污染的计算机模拟。

依靠这个经过良好验证的预测模型,该团队能够将生活在不受监控和人口较少的地区的受试者纳入,以便对6000万人口的空气污染的影响进行分析,无论他们住在城市,郊区,或农村地区。
“这项研究表明,虽然我们认为美国的空气质素足以保护我们的公民,实际上我们需要进一步降低污染水平,”施瓦茨说。

原始出处:
Qian Di, M.S., Yan Wang, M.S., et al.Air Pollution and Mortality in the Medicare Population.N Engl J Med 2017; 376:2513-2522June 29, 2017DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1702747

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    2018-05-23 haouestc
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    2018-01-16 spoonycyy
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    2017-06-29 lovetcm

    其实根本不用研究,看看中国高度污染的城市的人口寿命就知道了

    0

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    2017-06-29 doctorJiangchao

    谢谢分享。

    0

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在近期召开的欧洲心血管磁共振(EuroCMR)大会上,英国学者Nay Aung报告,长期暴露在高水平的细微颗粒污染物(PM2.5)中的人,左心室容积会明显增大,而左心室射血分数会降低。

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这些数据证实了一些环境空气污染物和CVD事件(准确地是心肌梗塞和缺血性脑卒中)之间可能的关联,且具有不同的时间和累积效应。