Ophthalmology:青少年T1 DM或T2DM患者糖尿病视网膜病变的风险几何?

2017-04-26 贾朝娟 环球医学

儿童和青少年2型糖尿病(T2DM)的发病率在不断增加。2017年4月,发表在《Ophthalmology》的一项研究调查了青年糖尿病患者糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)的风险因素,并比较了1型糖尿病(T1DM)与T2DM的DR率。

儿童和青少年2型糖尿病(T2DM)的发病率在不断增加。2017年4月,发表在《Ophthalmology》的一项研究调查了青年糖尿病患者糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)的风险因素,并比较了1型糖尿病(T1DM)与T2DM的DR率。

目的:尽管2型糖尿病(T2DM)在儿童和青少年中的流行率不断增加,但有关其进展为糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)的风险知之甚少。研究者试图识别青年糖尿病患者DR的风险因素,比较1型糖尿病(T1DM)和T2DM的DR率,并评估依从美国眼科协会、美国儿科协会和美国糖尿病协会提出的DR筛选指南能否全部查出青年DR。

设计:回顾性观察性纵向队列研究。

受试者:在大型US管理的护理网络中纳入的年龄≤21岁的新诊断为T1DM或T2DM的青少年。

方法:在这项研究中,对年龄≤21岁的新诊断为T1DM或T2DM的青少年进行眼科监测,研究者识别出DR发病率和时间。用Kaplan–Meier生存曲线评估受试者首次诊断为DR的时间。多变量Cox比例危险回归模型识别出进展至DR危险相关的因素。模型预测最初糖尿病诊断的日历年、性别、民族/种族,净值和糖化血红蛋白A1c分数(HbA1c)。

主要结局测试指标:进展至DR的危险比(HRs)及95%置信区间(CIs)。

结果:在2240名T1DM和1768名T2DM青少年中,中位随访3.2和3.1年后,分别有20.1%和7.2%进展为DR,生存曲线显示T1DM青少年进展至DR快于T2DM(P<0.0001)。HbA1c每增加1个点,T1DM和T2DM青少年的DR危险分别增加20%(HR = 1.20;95% CI 1.06~1.35)和30%(HR = 1.30;95% CI 1.08~1.56)。目前指南显示,在我们研究中,最初糖尿病诊断后3~5年的眼科筛查中,>18%的T1DM青少年已经接受≥1次的DR诊断。

结论:T1DM或T2DM青少年显示出相当大的糖尿病视网膜病变风险,并且应该接受眼科护理专业的常规筛查,以确保及时的DR诊断,并限制进展至威胁视力的疾病。

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    2017-04-28 zutt
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    2017-04-26 林3301

    不错,又学习了

    0

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