Cell:微生物遗传组分调控宿主寿命

2017-06-16 海北 MedSci原创

已有的研究表明,肠道微生物群的稳态会严重影响到宿主的健康和衰老。因此,如果能够利用基因工程开发出特定的益生菌,很有希望成为促进健康衰老的新型治疗范例。昨日,来自美国贝勒医学院的Meng C. Wang在细胞(Cell)杂志发文阐述微生物遗传组分和宿主寿命之间的关系

已有的研究表明,肠道微生物群的稳态会严重影响到宿主的健康和衰老。因此,如果能够利用基因工程开发出特定的益生菌,很有希望成为促进健康衰老的新型治疗范例。昨日,来自美国贝勒医学院的Meng C. Wang在细胞(Cell)杂志发文阐述微生物遗传组分和宿主寿命之间的关系。

在这项研究中,科学家们筛选了3983个大肠杆菌突变体,并从中发现有29个突变体,其基因被删除之后,可以增加宿主秀丽隐杆线虫的寿命。此外,科学家们也发现,这些突变体能够保护宿主免受年龄相关的肿瘤生长和β淀粉样蛋白积累的影响。

通过机制的研究,科学家们发现,有5种突变体是通过增加可拉酸(colanic acid)的分泌来达到延长寿命的效果。可拉酸是一种多糖。在宿主体内,可拉酸能够调节线粒体的动态平衡以及未折叠蛋白反应。纯化的可拉酸聚合物本身就足以通过调节ATFS-1增加宿主寿命。ATFS-1是宿主线粒体未折叠蛋白反应转录因子。此外,科学家们还发现,可拉酸引起的线粒体变化以及宿主的寿命延长在不同物种之中是保守的。

科学家们此次的发现找到了促长寿微生物的分子靶标,让人类离健康衰老更近了一步。

原始出处:

Bing Han et al. Microbial Genetic Composition Tunes Host Longevity. 2017, Cell 169, 1249–1262. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2017.05.036

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    2018-05-03 维他命
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    2017-06-18 wincls

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