Nat Med:全基因组测序发现自闭症遗传基础复杂

2015-01-28 王英 生物通

由自闭症研究机构Autism Speaks资助、有史以来规模最大的自闭症基因组研究表明,这种疾病的遗传学基础甚至比我们以前认为的更为复杂:大多数患有自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)的兄弟姐妹,有着不同的自闭症相关基因。这项研究由Autism Speaks MSSNG项目主任带领,以封面文章的形式发表在1月26日的《自然医学》(Nature Medicine)。 同时

自闭症研究机构Autism Speaks资助、有史以来规模最大的自闭症基因组研究表明,这种疾病的遗传学基础甚至比我们以前认为的更为复杂:大多数患有自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)的兄弟姐妹,有着不同的自闭症相关基因。这项研究由Autism Speaks MSSNG项目主任带领,以封面文章的形式发表在1月26日的《自然医学》(Nature Medicine)。

同时,这项研究的数据成为Google Cloud Platform 上Autism Speaks MSSNG门户第一次上传的大约1000个自闭症基因组的一部分。Autism Speaks正在使已识别的数据为全球研究公开可用,以加速我们对自闭症的了解和个性化治疗的发展。

本研究负责人Stephen Scherer说:“这是历史性的一天,它首次标志着自闭症全基因组序列可供MSSNG开放科学数据库的研究使用。这是未来开放获取基因组将带来许多发育和医学疾病个性化治疗的范例。除了领先的Autism Speaks' MSSNG program,Scherer还指导多伦多儿童医院应用基因组中心和多伦多大学McLaughlin中心的相关研究。”

本文共同作者、Autism Speaks 首席科学官Robert Ring说:“通过使用计算机云,使数据像这样供世界各地的研究人员公开访问,我们正在以一种以前没用过的方式,打破壁垒。一直以来,我们Autism Speaks的目标是,加速科学发现,最终提高世界各地自闭症患者的个人生活质量。”

总的来说,MSSNG project旨在使10,000个自闭症基因供科学研究使用,作为一种最先进工具的“工具箱”来帮助分析。


Figure 3: Mutation burden in families with two siblings with ASD.


自闭症惊人的多样性

在这项新研究中,Scherer博士的研究小组在85个家庭中测定了340个全基因组,每个家庭都有受自闭症影响的儿童。大部分兄弟姐妹在已知引起自闭症的基因变异上没有重叠。他们发现,共有相同自闭症相关基因变化的同胞对数还不到三分之一(31%)。

这些研究结果对长期持有的假设提出了挑战。因为自闭症常常是家族性的,专家们认为,患有该疾病的兄弟姐妹从其父母那里遗传了相同的自闭症易感基因。现在看来,这可能不是真的。Scherer博士说:“我们知道,自闭症有很多差异,但是我们最近的研究结果坚定地明确了这一点。我们相信,每一个自闭症患儿都像一片雪花,是独一无二的。”

Scherer博士补充说:“这意味着,我们不应该只寻找疑似自闭症风险基因,这通常是在基因诊断检测中完成的。确定如何最好地使用个性化自闭症治疗中的遗传因素知识,就需要全面评估每一个人的基因组。”全基因组测序远远超过了传统的遗传测试,来分析一个人完整的DNA序列。

在参与研究的42%的家庭中,发现了已知的自闭症风险基因。Scherer博士说:“这可能有助于解释为什么自闭症出现在他们的孩子当中,或者为相关医学疾病提供了新的见解。”在2013年一项试点基因组测序研究中,Scherer博士的研究小组在超过32%的受试家庭中发现了自闭症相关基因。这项研究为一些家庭提供了重要的医学信息。

原始出处:

Yuen RK1, Thiruvahindrapuram B1, Merico D1, Walker S1, Tammimies K2, Hoang N3, Chrysler C4, Nalpathamkalam T1, Pellecchia G1, Liu Y5, Gazzellone MJ1, D'Abate L1, Deneault E1, Howe JL1, Liu RS1, Thompson A4, Zarrei M1, Uddin M1, Marshall CR6, Ring RH7, Zwaigenbaum L8, Ray PN9, Weksberg R10, Carter MT11, Fernandez BA12, Roberts W13, Szatmari P14, Scherer SW15.Whole-genome sequencing of quartet families with autism spectrum disorder.Nat Med. 2015 Jan 26. doi: 10.1038/nm.3792. [Epub ahead of print]

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    2015-07-24 liye789132251
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    2015-08-06 hlycom3356

    期待有更多研究

    0

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    2015-01-30 xiongke014
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