Blood:骨髓增生性肿瘤免疫疗法的新靶点!

2019-05-13 MedSci MedSci原创

Ph阴性骨髓增殖性肿瘤(MPNs)是一种血液癌,可细分为具有明显临床特征的实体。一直以来,体细胞JAK2、CALR和MPL突变被认为是该疾病的驱动因素。虽然已详细了解该病的发病机制,但目前仍没有能有效完全消除MPN细胞的靶向疗法。在本研究中,Fiorella Schischlik等研究人员利用113位MPN患者的RNA测序数据对MPN患者的粒细胞转录本的突变情况进行综合性的分析,并评估免疫治疗策略

Ph阴性骨髓增殖性肿瘤(MPNs)是一种血液癌,可细分为具有明显临床特征的实体。一直以来,体细胞JAK2、CALR和MPL突变被认为是该疾病的驱动因素。虽然已详细了解该病的发病机制,但目前仍没有能有效完全消除MPN细胞的靶向疗法。

在本研究中,Fiorella Schischlik等研究人员利用113位MPN患者的RNA测序数据对MPN患者的粒细胞转录本的突变情况进行综合性的分析,并评估免疫治疗策略对MPN患者的适用性。

通过对数据进行筛选后,研究人员从106位患者中找出13个融合基因(其中12个为新发现的)、231个非同义SNVs和21个插入突变。研究人员发现较高概率的SF3B1突变的PMF患者的SF3B1具有3个不同剪切方式,而且很多会改变蛋白功能。

从检测到的所有突变中,研究人员建立了一个虚拟肽库,通过NetMHC从62%MPN患者中预测到149个独特的新抗原。来源于CALR和MPL突变的多肽,具有独特的特性,可结合许多常见的MHC I类分子,为靶向治疗提供了丰富的抗原位点。

最后,研究人员推测来源于SF3B1突变患者剪切缺陷所产生的突变可能为MPN的治疗提供一个未被探索过的新抗原库。研究人员通过体外实验验证了35个预测的多肽可与MHC I类分子强结合。

本研究结果或可作为开发个性化疫苗或细胞疗法的资源。

原始出处:

Fiorella Schischlik,et al.Mutational Landscape of the Transcriptome Offers Putative Targets for Immunotherapy of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms.Blood 2019 :blood.2019000519; doi: https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.2019000519

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中心点:Sos1介导致瘤性Kras诱导的野生型Nras和Hras超活化。Sos1-/-可减弱Kras[G12D]诱导型MPN,延长Kras[G12D]小鼠的存活期。摘要:研究人员既往发现Kras[G12D]在血液恶性肿瘤中的致癌性比Nras的更强。Xiaona You等研究人员认为Kras[G12D]具有很强的白细胞生成活性,至少部分原因是在于其独特的超激活野生型(WT)Nras和Hras的能力。

NEJM:骨髓增生性肿瘤的分类及个体化预后

研究人员通过综合基因组特征识别了不同的遗传亚类,并根据因果生物学机制对骨髓增生性肿瘤进行了分类。将基因组数据与临床变量相结合,可以对患者的预后进行个性化预测,并可能为治疗骨髓增生性肿瘤提供支持