J Clin Oncol:循环肿瘤细胞(CTC)生物标志探索前列腺癌的药物调整策略

2017-06-29 佚名 肿瘤资讯

对于转移性、去势抵抗性前列腺癌,化疗成为唯一治疗选择。如何为患者选择化疗药物,紫杉类药物何时调换是临床实践中常见的问题。新的II期随机研究显示,根据循环肿瘤细胞雄激素受体核定位数下降百分比的变化早期调整紫杉类药物使用策略,可以提高患者无进展生存。

对于转移性、去势抵抗性前列腺癌,化疗成为唯一治疗选择。如何为患者选择化疗药物,紫杉类药物何时调换是临床实践中常见的问题。新的II期随机研究显示,根据循环肿瘤细胞雄激素受体核定位数下降百分比的变化早期调整紫杉类药物使用策略,可以提高患者无进展生存。

研究目的

TAXYNERGY研究(NCT01718353)是一项评价对于未经化疗、转移性、去势抵抗性前列腺癌患者采用循环肿瘤细胞(CTC)生物标志探索紫杉类药物敏感或耐药机制以及早期调换紫杉类药物的临床获益情况的II期、随机、非对照研究。

患者及方法

患者按照2:1随机分配至多西他赛或卡巴他赛组。治疗4周期后前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)下降不足30%时调换紫杉类药物。主要研究终点:与历史对照相比(TAX327试验)PSA降幅≥50%。主要生物标志物终点是分析治疗后CTC以证实我们的假说即临床反应与紫杉药物靶点具有相关性,具体证据为雄激素受体核定位数下降百分比(%ARNL)和微管成束增加。

结果

共入组63例患者,多西他赛组41例,卡巴他赛组22例。44.4%的患者前期接受过有效的雄激素受体靶向治疗。总体而言,35例患者(55.6%)已经确认PSA降幅≥50%,超过45.4%的历史控制率(TAX327试验)。61例接受治疗的患者中,有33名(54.1%)在4周期化疗时PSA降幅≥30%,未调换紫杉类药物;15名(24.6%)在4周期化疗时PSA降幅<30%,调换了紫杉类药物;13名(21.3%)患者在4周期化疗时或4周期化疗之前中断了治疗。在调换紫杉类药物的患者中,46.7%的患者随后获得了PSA降幅≥50%的治疗效果。26例患者可评价CTC,紫杉类药物导致的%ARNL下降(第一周期d1 vs. 第一周期d8)与化疗4周期时PSA降幅≥50%的发生率更高具有相关性(P=0.009)。平均无进展生存时间9.1个月(95% CI, 4.9 -11.7 月)。平均总生存时间在随访至14月时尚未达到。常见3/4即不良反应包括乏力(13.1%)和中性粒细胞减少伴发热(11.5%)。

结论

与历史对照相比,早期调换紫杉类药物的策略可以提高患者PSA反应率。紫杉类药物所导致的%ARNL改变可以作为患者临床获益的早期生物标志。

小编点评:在肿瘤化疗的临床实践中,常依据RECIST标准评价疗效,再根据评效结果调整治疗方案。但随着人们对肿瘤及化疗、免疫治疗等认识的逐渐深入,单纯根据RECIST标准制定治疗方案显示出其局限性。该研究的亮点在于,通过监测生物标志物的变化早期调整治疗策略,结果显示早期调整用药的患者PFS得到延长。这意味着,如果可以根据生物标志早期、及时调整治疗用药可以让更多的患者获益,避免延误治疗时机及不必要的药物不良反应。但该研究的样本量较小,OS数据尚不成熟。仍需进一步大样本对照研究来验证结果的可靠性。

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    2017-08-31 minlingfeng
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    2017-12-09 kalseyzl
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    2017-06-29 luominglian113

    学习了,谢谢分享

    0

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最近,有研究人员调查了是佛血浆硒的水平可以影响砷暴露相关的前列腺癌(PC)风险。研究人员采用了一个案例-对照的研究方法,并包括了318名前列腺癌病人和318名年龄匹配的健康对照主体。研究利用HPLC-HG-AAS对尿砷情况进行了分析,并利用ICP-MS技术对血浆硒的水平进行了检测。研究发现,血浆硒的水平表现出了显著的剂量依赖并与前列腺癌表现出负相关关系。参与者血浆硒水平>28.06 μg/d

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最近,有研究报道指出,DEP结构域包含蛋白1(DEPDC1)在几种类型的人类癌症中超表达;然而,DEPDC1在前列腺癌中的角色仍旧不清楚,还需要进一步的研究调查。最近,有研究人员鉴定到了DEPDC1 mRNA蛋白表达水平在前列腺癌组织和细胞系中大幅度的增加。DEPDC1的超表达能够促进,但是DEPDC1的消耗可以通过调控G1-S期细胞周期转换来抑制细胞增殖。重要的是,研究人员还发现了DEPDC1对