重磅!The Lancet Neurology研究发现阿伦单抗的严重副作用

2017-01-22 佚名 生物谷


2017年1月20日讯 /生物谷BIOON /——多发性硬化(MS)药物阿伦单抗会产生严重的、意料之外的副作用,这些现象由圣约瑟夫医院神经科Aiden Haghikia和Ralf Gold博士领导的团队发现。在发表于《Lancet Neurology》上的文章中,他们报道了两个使用阿伦单抗的病人病情恶化的现象,同时他们也报道了消除这些有害副作用的治疗方法。“这个疗法将帮助全世界使用阿伦单抗产生相似副作用的病人。”Haghikia说道。

阿伦单抗的作用原理

阿伦单抗是一个治疗性抗体,主要通过结合T、B淋巴细胞表面的CD52蛋白来清除这些淋巴细胞。已经完成的临床试验表明使用该药物的大多病人会产生一定的副作用,叫做二次自免疫过程:免疫细胞会攻击人体甲状腺肿的细胞,肾脏及血小板也可能受影响。

新的炎症模式

这项新研究报道了两个使用阿伦单抗的重度MS病人,尽管接受了许多治疗,两个病人的MS仍然复发,导致中枢神经系统产生炎症。治疗6个月后,这些症状反而变得更严重了。通过MRI扫描,研究人员发现了一种新的炎症模式:他们在病人大脑中发现大量环状增强性病变。而在病人之前的医疗史上并未出现此类症状。但是研究人员目前并不清楚这些症状代表MS活性增强还是独立的二次自免疫过程。

消除副作用

这些研究人员成功地消除了两个病人的副作用,大脑中的环状病变区减小。除了给他们进行血浆置换术之外,研究人员还使用靶向B细胞的利妥昔单抗对他们进行治疗,因为研究人员认为是这些B细胞导致了副作用。研究人员认为他们采用的方法也适用于其他使用阿伦单抗产生类似副作用的患者。

多发性硬化

MS是年轻成年人最常见的神经疾病,典型特征就是中枢神经系统产生慢性炎症。人体的免疫系统会攻击神经纤维髓磷脂,损伤细胞突起。目前共有10种获批的有效治疗方法,其中就包括阿伦单抗!(生物谷Bioon.com)

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Severe B-cell-mediated CNS disease secondary to alemtuzumab therapy

Aiden Haghikia et al,  The Lancet Neurology (2017).

DOI: 10.1016/S1474-4422(16)30382-9

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    2017-03-03 howi
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