JNCI:卵巢切除术能否降低BRCA基因突变携带者的乳腺癌风险?

2016-09-20 Seven L 译 MedSci原创

BRCA基因突变携带者进行卵巢切除术,能否降低乳腺癌风险?关于这个问题,仍存在争议。我们对BRCA基因突变携带者进行了前瞻性分析,评估双侧卵巢切除术和乳腺癌风险间的关系。 研究纳入了3722例既往没有癌症病史、双侧乳房完整的女性。随访参与者,直到诊断乳腺癌、预防性双侧乳房切除术、或死亡。 平均随访5.6年,新诊断了350例乳腺癌。对于BRCA1或BRCA2基因突变携带者,进行卵巢切除术

BRCA基因突变携带者进行卵巢切除术,能否降低乳腺癌风险?关于这个问题,仍存在争议。我们对BRCA基因突变携带者进行了前瞻性分析,评估双侧卵巢切除术和乳腺癌风险间的关系。

研究纳入了3722例既往没有癌症病史、双侧乳房完整的女性。随访参与者,直到诊断乳腺癌、预防性双侧乳房切除术、或死亡。

平均随访5.6年,新诊断了350例乳腺癌。对于BRCA1或BRCA2基因突变携带者,进行卵巢切除术的女性与没有进行卵巢切除术的女性相比较,卵巢切除术与乳腺癌风险无关。

年龄校正后,BRCA1基因突变携带者中,卵巢切除术与乳腺癌的HR值为0.96 (95% CI = 0.73 to 1.26, P = 76);BRCA2基因突变携带者中,该值为0.65 (95% CI = 0.37 to 1.16, P = 14)。

分层分析显示,BRCA2基因突变携带者中,卵巢切除术与50岁前诊断乳腺癌的风险有关(年龄校正后的HR值为0.18, 95% CI = 0.05 to 0.63, P = 007);但是对于BRCA1基因突变携带者,卵巢切除术与50岁前诊断乳腺癌的风险无关(年龄校正后的HR值为0.79, 95% CI = 0.55 to 1.13, P = 51)。

本项大型前瞻性研究结果表明,对于BRCA2基因突变携带者,可以行双侧卵巢切除术,预防绝经前乳腺癌;但是对于BRCA1基因突变携带者则没有用。此外,这些发现值得进一步评估。

原始出处:

Kotsopoulos J.et al.Bilateral Oophorectomy and Breast Cancer Risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutation Carriers.J Natl Cancer Inst. 2016 Sep 6;109(1).

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    2017-07-06 qblt
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    2017-07-18 sjq027
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Lancet:卵巢癌研究新进展综述

卵巢恶性肿瘤是女性生殖器官常见的恶性肿瘤之一,其发病率仅次于宫颈癌和子宫内膜癌而列居第三位。其中上皮性肿瘤占原发性卵巢肿瘤的 50%-70%,其恶性类型占卵巢恶性肿瘤的 85%-90%。 手术和化疗可以治愈大多数初期患者,但不能挽救很多晚期患者的生命。卵巢癌">卵巢癌对顺铂比较敏感。而靶向治疗(如抗血管生成药物或聚 ADP- 核糖聚合酶抑制剂)等也可以提高患者生存率。 流行病学和遗传

JAMA:别一刀切!不同BRCA突变致乳腺癌和卵巢癌风险不同

2013年5月,美国著名影星安吉丽娜.茱莉在《纽约时报》撰文,说她由于携带BRCA1基因突变而预防性切除了双侧乳腺,近期又有消息称她将切除双侧输卵管以预防卵巢癌。BRCA是抑癌基因,在调节细胞复制、DNA损伤修复、细胞正常生长方面有重要作用;如果BRCA基因突变,就丧失了抑制肿瘤发生的功能。BRCA突变类型达数百种之多,与人体的很多癌症的发生都有关系,其中关系最密切者是乳腺癌,其次是卵巢癌。然而,

Cell Res:新研究表明预防乳腺癌有戏

大约8名女性中就有一人将在她的一生当中患上浸润性乳腺癌。这可能是使用人工合成性激素和其他环境因子导致的,也可能是BRCA1基因等发生突变导致的。平均而言,BRCA1基因发生突变的女性有高达87%的风险患上乳腺癌。截至目前,预防性手术切除是显著降低乳腺癌风险的唯一方法,但是这也经常伴随着术后并发症。2010年,奥地利科学院分子生物技术研究所(IMBA)科学主任Josef Penninger和他的