Hepatology:中科大田志刚教授团队揭示以天然免疫为主导的HBV相关肝癌发病机制

2018-11-05 疫苗 病毒学界

最近,肝病权威学术期刊Hepatology杂志在线发表了中国科技大学生命科学院田志刚教授团队的研究成果,揭示了天然免疫应答在HBV相关肝细胞癌(HCC)发生中的重要作用。

最近,肝病权威学术期刊Hepatology杂志在线发表了中国科技大学生命科学院田志刚教授团队的研究成果,揭示了天然免疫应答在HBV相关肝细胞癌(HCC)发生中的重要作用。

乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)是肝细胞癌(HCC)的重要危险因素,目前研究认为,除插入突变和病毒蛋白对宿主基因的激活和反式激活以及其他一些因素外,慢性肝脏损伤和组织再生是导致肝细胞恶性变和发生HCC的重要诱因。但HBV是非细胞毒性病毒,本身并不引起肝细胞损伤,HBV感染时的肝脏损伤主要是由于机体的抗HBV免疫应答引起,因此,免疫应答相关的病理机制对于HBV相关性HCC的发生至关重要。但天然免疫应答在此过程中有何作用并不清楚。

在既往的研究中,团队曾发现天然免疫系统中的重要组分,NK细胞,在HBV感染时除发挥抗病毒作用外,也参与了肝细胞的损伤。而IFN-γ是其中的重要分子。

在最新发表的这项研究中,研究者给小鼠注射了NK细胞活化剂poly(I∶C),剂量为3 μg/g,2次/周,共8周。6个月后,所有注射了poly(I∶C)的12~13月龄的HBV转基因(HBs-Tg)小鼠均发生了HCC,发生率达100%,野生型小鼠均未出现HCC。而未经处理的HBs-Tg小鼠中HCC的自然发生率为16.7%(12~13月龄)和40%(24~25月龄)。这提示活化的NK细胞加速了HBV转基因小鼠中HCC的发生发展。

poly(I∶C)处理的HBs-Tg小鼠肝内发生炎症和肝细胞损伤,可观察到淋巴细胞浸润显着增加,伴有肝细胞的凋亡和增殖同时增加,肝细胞的上皮-间充质转化(EMT)加快。研究证实,该模型中的细胞EMT和肿瘤生成依赖于NK细胞--如果去除NK细胞,则HCC发生率显着降低为28.6%。

而进一步研究发现,肝内的NK细胞高表达IFN-γ,抗-IFN单克隆中和抗体也许可明显减轻肝炎,肝细胞特异性的IFN-γ表达促进了HCC的发生。如果缺乏IFN-γ,即便有肝脏NK细胞并且被激活,HCC的发生仍可被阻止,提示IFN-γ在NK细胞介导的肿瘤发生中扮演了核心的角色。

原始出处:Yongyan Chen, Xiaolei Hao, Rui Sun, et al. NK cell‐derived IFN‐γ promotes hepatocellular carcinoma through EpCAM‐EMT axis in hepatitis B virus transgenic mice. Hepatology. 17 October 2018 

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    2019-05-13 klivis
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    2018-11-07 gwc384
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