Cell Rep:少量压力对机体健康有益 或能延长寿命

2017-11-13 Labbadia J 细胞

近日,发表在国际杂志Cell Reports上的一篇研究报告中,来自美国西北大学的研究人员通过研究发现,少量的压力或许对细胞健康是有益的,相关研究或能帮助研究人员更好地理解驱动机体老化和年龄相关退行性疾病的分子机制。

近日,发表在国际杂志Cell Reports上的一篇研究报告中,来自美国西北大学的研究人员通过研究发现,少量的压力或许对细胞健康是有益的,相关研究或能帮助研究人员更好地理解驱动机体老化和年龄相关退行性疾病的分子机制。

在对秀丽隐杆线虫进行研究的过程中,研究人员发现,线虫机体中适度受压的线粒体所释放的信号或能有效抑制随着年龄增长线虫细胞质中蛋白质折叠质量控制“机器”的故障,从而就能抑制在退行性疾病发生过程中损伤蛋白的积累过程,比如阿尔兹海默病、亨廷顿氏症、帕金森疾病和肌萎缩侧索硬化症等。

研究者Richard I. Morimoto说道,人们总会认为长期的线粒体压力可能是有害的,但本文研究中我们发现,当你给线粒体施加一点点压力时,线粒体的压力信号或许就会被细胞充分解读从而作为一种生存策略,其能够帮助机体对压力完全耐受,并且延长寿命。秀丽隐杆线虫机体的生化环境和细胞特性非常类似于人体,其也是科学家们用来研究人类机体老化和多种疾病的良好生物模型,研究者的目标就是基于对线虫的研究寻找能让人类长寿的秘诀,同时还在要细胞和分子水平下增加人类机体健康。

早在2015年,研究人员就通过研究发现,由于生殖谱系细胞及其它组织细胞会产生抑制性的信号来抑制机体中保护性细胞应激反应的产生,因此诱发机体老化的分子水平下降往往开始于机体的性成熟阶段,而在秀丽隐杆线虫中,该过程或许发生于成年期的8-12个小时之间,而该线虫通常仅会再存活三周时间。

文章中,研究者Morimoto及其同事对线虫机体中大约2.2万个基因进行筛查鉴别出了一系列名为线粒体电子传递链(ETC)的关键基因,这些基因是年龄相关机体老化的中枢调节子,ETC活性的轻微下调、低剂量暴露于外源性物质或病原体中都会引发宿主动物更加健康。Morimoto说道,我从来不会想到,低水平的压力信号会重新设定有机体的生命周期,基于本文研究,我们发现,有机体会重新解读某些压力信号来作为特殊的途径重新对自我定位延长寿命,当线粒体以最佳功能开始发挥作用时,细胞和组织常常会高效工作。后期研究人员还将继续探索研究低水平压力对机体健康的重要性。

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    2018-06-05 维他命
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