美国FDA批准治疗屋尘螨(HDM)过敏的舌下免疫含片Odactra

2017-03-06 佚名 新浪医药新闻

美国制药巨头默沙东(Merck & Co)免疫管线近日在美国监管方面传来喜讯,美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)已批准治疗屋尘螨(house dust mites,HDM)过敏的舌下免疫含片Odactra,这是首个通过舌下(sublingually)含服给药的过敏原提取物,用于18-65岁成人,治疗由屋尘螨(HDM)引起的伴或不伴眼部炎症(结膜炎)的鼻腔炎症(过敏性鼻炎)。

美国制药巨头默沙东(Merck & Co)免疫管线近日在美国监管方面传来喜讯,美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)已批准治疗屋尘螨(house dust mites,HDM)过敏的舌下免疫含片Odactra,这是首个通过舌下(sublingually)含服给药的过敏原提取物,用于18-65岁成人,治疗由屋尘螨(HDM)引起的伴或不伴眼部炎症(结膜炎)的鼻腔炎症(过敏性鼻炎)。




FDA生物制品评估和研究中心主任Peter Marks博士表示,屋尘螨过敏性疾病会对一个人的生活质量带来负面影响,Odactra的获批上市,将为患者提供一种除过敏针剂之外的新治疗选择,帮助解决患者的症状。

屋尘螨(HDM)属于蛛形纲动物,只有0.1-0.5mm 大小,主要孳生于卧室内的枕头、褥被、软垫和家具中,以人体身上脱落下来的皮屑为食饵。对尘螨过敏的人,可能出现咳嗽、流鼻涕、鼻子发痒、鼻塞、打喷嚏、眼睛发痒、眼泪汪汪等症状。

Odactra是一种每日一次的舌下含片,全年服用,置于舌下后能够快速溶化。Odactra使患者暴露于屋尘螨过敏原,随着时间的推移,逐步训练机体免疫系统停止对所接触免疫原的异常反应,降低鼻部和眼部过敏症状的频率和严重程度。需要指出的是,患者在初次用药时,需在具有过敏性疾病诊断和治疗经验的医疗保健专家的监督下服用,同时需要观察至少30分钟,观测潜在的不良反应。如果首次服药的耐受性良好,患者后续可以在家自行服药。另外,在开始Odactra治疗后,患者应每日坚持服药,大约8-14周开始经历明显的症状缓解。

Odactra的获批,是基于在美国、加拿大、欧洲开展的临床研究的安全性和有效性数据,这些研究涉及大约2500人。其中一些受试者含服Odactra,另一部分人含服安慰剂。研究中,患者报告其症状以及是否需要使用缓解过敏症状的药物。数据显示,在治疗期间,与安慰剂组相比,Odactra治疗组过敏症状及额外药物治疗需求减少了16-18%。

安全性方面,最常见的不良反应包括恶心、耳部和嘴部发痒、嘴唇和舌头肿胀。需要注意的是,Odactra的处方信息中包含有一个“黑框警告”(Boxed Warning),警告严重的过敏反应,其中一些可能危及生命。正如FDA批准的其他舌下含服过敏原提取物,接受Odactra治疗的患者应给予肾上腺素自动注射器。此外,Odactra也附带一份分配给患者的用药指南。

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    2017-06-12 bugit
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    2017-11-29 bsmagic9140
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