PNAS:新型药物递送系统可有效抑制87%-94%的肿瘤细胞

2019-05-31 Michael 转化医学网

有效的癌症治疗通常需要联合有效的药物递送系统来协同抑制多耐药性肿瘤组织,开发可增强药物负荷和递送效率的多功能纳米药物递送系统是目前是纳米技术发展的重要挑战之一。

有效的癌症治疗通常需要联合有效的药物递送系统来协同抑制多耐药性肿瘤组织,开发可增强药物负荷和递送效率的多功能纳米药物递送系统是目前是纳米技术发展的重要挑战之一。然而,这种联合使用比单一药物用药更难以实现,能需要多种方法来有效递送抗癌药物。除了稳定和可生物降解之外,用于此类疗法的载体必须与疏水性和亲水性的药物相容,并以持续的释放量来释放抗癌药物。

来自哈佛大学的John A. Paulson工程与应用科学学院(SEAS)的研究人员已经开发出了一种金纳米棒-复合纳米粒子(cNPs)共轭的多孔硅纳米粒子,并使用微流体芯片上的双乳液模板将它们封装在混合聚合物中,进而创建了药物通用型纳米载体。该纳米载体对疏水性和亲水性药物均具有高负载能力,并且通过在静脉内积聚来提高药物递送效率。这一发现发表于近期的《PNAS》杂志。

随着癌症治疗变得越来越复杂,我们需要更多精炼的药物输送系统,使其可以同时提供多种具有不同化学成分的药物。现在,来自哈佛大学的John A. Paulson工程与应用科学学院(SEAS)的研究人员已经开发出一种纳米尺寸的药物输送载体,可以同时更有效地提供多种药物。该系统将低剂量的药物递送入小鼠乳腺肿瘤模型后,可以抑制其87%至94%的肿瘤细胞。

SEAS的客座教授Mingtan Hai 表示,“我们利用这些混合纳米载体通过静脉注射在小鼠体内,其对乳腺肿瘤具有显着的效果,这项工作为更加广泛的生物医学应用发展奠定了基础”。

药物递送系统

这些药物递送载体是由纳米颗粒构建的聚合人造囊泡构成。聚合物囊泡具有保护性的油壳,其防止其内部的药物溶解进而维持有效的血药浓度。每个聚合物囊泡内部是金纳米棒和装载药物的多孔纳米颗粒。这些纳米颗粒能够同时储存和释放多种类型的药物。金纳米棒为该药物载体增加了额外的功能,如果用近红外激光照射,纳米棒会被加热并破坏聚合物囊泡,从而能够立即输送药物。

研究人员在HER2阳性乳腺肿瘤小鼠上使用了此给药载体。他们发现利用该药物递送多西紫杉醇、雷帕霉素和阿法替尼三联药物(这是乳腺癌治疗最有效的联合用药之一),在总剂量为5和2.5 mg / kg时,乳腺肿瘤的抑制率分别为94%和87%。

The fabrication of nanometer-sized drug delivery vehicles 图片来源:Weitz Lab /哈佛大学

David Weitz教授表示,“随着药物治疗变得越来越复杂,药物输送系统必须更加有效递送药物。这项研究说明,利用新的合成和配方技术将不同的运载工具整合在一起,可以更为有效的输送多种化疗药物”。

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    2019-06-10 drwjr
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