Cell:帕金森病有救啦,免疫基因来帮你!

2015-10-12 崔倩 译 MedSci原创

全球有大约七百到一千万人生活在帕金森病(PD)的困扰中,该病是一种渐进的由非正常神经系统扰乱人体行为和认知功能的的疾病,且该病同时也是不可治愈的。一半以上的患者表现为痴呆症状,该症状类似于阿尔茨海默氏症。丹麦哥本哈根大学的研究小组经过研究发现,非遗传性PD是由免疫调节基因β干扰素(IFNβ)的功能发生变化而引起的疾病。对PD实验模型采用IFNβ基因制剂进行治疗后,成功的阻止了神经元的死亡以及该病其

全球有大约七百到一千万人生活在帕金森病(PD)的困扰中,该病是一种渐进的由非正常神经系统扰乱导致人体行为和认知功能障碍的疾病,且不可治愈。一半以上的患者表现为痴呆症状,该症状类似于阿尔茨海默症。丹麦哥本哈根大学的研究小组经过研究发现,非遗传性PD是由免疫调节基因β干扰素(IFNβ)的功能发生变化而引起的疾病。对PD实验模型采用IFNβ基因制剂进行治疗后,成功的阻止了神经元的死亡以及该病其他的相关症状。该研究结果已经发表在科学杂志Cell上。

蛋白质在神经细胞中参与废弃物代谢的调节和管理

人类大脑中包含约1千亿个神经元,而这些神经元参与调节身体中各部分的行为与活动。在哥本哈根大学的生物技术研究和创新中心(BRIC),由Shohre Issazadeh-Navikas教授带领的研究小组发现免疫基因IFNβ在维持神经元常规运行中扮演着至关重要的角色。

“我们发现IFNβ在神经元对废弃蛋白进行回收的过程中的作用至关重要。没有IFNβ在其中进行相关调节,废弃蛋白在细胞中易发生堆积,形成路易小体,随着时间的延长,神经细胞会因此而死亡,”助理教授Patrick Ejlerskov介绍说。

研究小组称,对缺乏IFNβ的小鼠进行研究,进而在小鼠大脑中的部分区域发现了路易小体的堆积,而该区域承担控制机体的行为以及记忆的形成的职能,在此之后,该小鼠发生一些非常规现象,且该现象与患PD的患者以及路易小体痴呆的患者的症状相似。

对非家族性帕金森病的新层次认识

长久以来,我们一直认为遗传性基因的突变是导致家族性PD的重要因素,而来源于BRIC的研究小组提供了首例非家族式PD的患病模型,该模型包含了PD患者绝大部分(90-95%)的症状。Shohreh Issazadeh-Navikas教授的研究成果为相关疾病的治疗提供了新的途径。

“对于由致病蛋白的堆积而导致发生的家族性PD和DLB,β干扰素基因的突变体是目前所发现的导致该病的第一例基因。在家族式PD中,该基因的突变体具有独立性,因此,当我们引入IFNβ基因疗法,我们能够阻止神经元的凋亡以及疾病的发展。我们希望通过介绍我们的研究成果可以引出更多的关于PD的治疗方法,”Shohreh Issazadeh-Navikas教授说。

目前的治疗方法可以有效的改善该病早期的一些不良症状,如对机体活动加以改善。然而,随着病情的发展,这种治疗方法逐渐失效。下一步研究的方向应该是在分子机制上弄清IFNβ是如何维持神经元正常运行并进而预防行为发生混乱以及出现痴呆现象的。

原始出处:

Patrick Ejlerskov, Jeanette G?ransdotter Hultberg, JunYang Wang,et al.Lack of Neuronal IFN-β-IFNAR Causes Lewy Body- and Parkinson’s Disease-like Dementia,Cell,2015.10.9

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    2019-02-23 1de522f9m41(暂无匿称)

    希望尽快解决帕金森医学难题

    0

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    2016-06-17 智智灵药
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    2015-10-16 zhouxue1990

    帕金森病,还有很多未解决

    0

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