JAMA:有氧训练可改善超重或肥胖儿童的健康状况

2012-10-11 JAMA JAMA

为了检测不同有氧运动量对胰岛素抵抗,肥胖,内脏脂肪,超重健康因素,欠缺运动儿童健康的影响,以及性别和种族在其中的起到了怎样的作用,美国乔治亚州医学院公共健康与预防中心Catherine L. Davis博士等人的进行了深入研究,他们发现经过13周的20或40 min/d 的有氧训练可改善欠缺运动的超重或肥胖儿童的肥胖或内脏肥胖健康状况,并证实其胰岛素抵抗受益有运动量反应性。相关论文发表于国际权威杂

为了检测不同有氧运动量对胰岛素抵抗,肥胖,内脏脂肪,超重健康因素,欠缺运动儿童健康的影响,以及性别和种族在其中的起到了怎样的作用,美国乔治亚州医学院公共健康与预防中心Catherine L. Davis博士等人的进行了深入研究,他们发现经过13周的20或40 min/d 的有氧训练可改善欠缺运动的超重或肥胖儿童的肥胖或内脏肥胖健康状况,并证实其胰岛素抵抗受益有运动量反应性。相关论文发表于国际权威杂志JAMA 2012年9月19日在线版。

这一随机对照效果试验从2003年开始持续至2007年,研究人员从乔治亚州奥古斯塔地区的15所公立学校中招募了222例超重或肥胖的欠缺运动的儿童(平均年龄,9.4岁;42%男孩;58%男人)进行试验。受试儿童被随机指定分入高运动量(40 min/d; n = 73)训练组,低运动量训练组(20 min/d; n = 71)以及对照组(日常体育活动;n = 78)。

试验预定的首要终点为介入后2型糖尿病风险,以口服葡萄糖耐量试验中胰岛素曲线下面积(AUC)指标进行评估;耐氧量(耗氧峰值[[Vdot]O2]),以双能X-线吸收值测量的体脂含量,以及通过磁共振测定的内脏脂肪含量,研究人员采用意向治疗对试验结果进行分析。

结果显示,这一研究的保留率为94% (n = 209)。大多数受试儿童(85%)有肥胖症状。基线状态下,平均体重指数为26 (SD, 4.4)。研究人员发现,与对照组儿童相比,高运动量组儿童(校正后平均差值,−3.56 [95% CI, −6.26 to −0.85] ×103 μU/mL; P = .01)以及低运动量组儿童(校正后平均差值,−2.96 [95% CI, −5.69 to −0.22] ×103 μU/mL; P = .03)胰岛素AUC值的下降程度更大。研究人员观察到,与对照组相比,高运动量和低运动量组儿童的体脂指标(校正后平均差值,−1.4% [95% CI, −2.2% to −0.7%]; P < .001 and −0.8% [95% CI, −1.6% to −0.07%]; P = .03),内脏脂肪指标(校正后平均差值,−3.9 cm3 [95% CI, −6.0 to −1.7 cm3]; P < .001 and −2.8 cm3 [95% CI, −4.9 to −0.6 cm3]; P = .01)均表现出运动量反应趋势。与对照组相比,高运动量组和低运动量组对健康的影响程度相似(各指标校正后峰值差值分别如下:[Vdot]O2, 2.4 [95% CI, 0.4-4.5] mL/kg/min; P = .02 and 2.4 [95% CI, 0.3-4.5] mL/kg/min; P = .03)。对于这些指标的试验终点,高运动量和低运动量效应表现相似。未观察到性别和种族因素对试验结果有影响。

研究人员由此得出结论,在本研究中,经过13周的20或40 min/d 的有氧训练可改善欠缺运动的超重或肥胖儿童的肥胖或内脏肥胖健康状况,并证实其胰岛素抵抗受益有运动量反应性。

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